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When talking about astronomy and space tourism, it can be said that the first steps were taken recently. And there is a very important debate about where outer space begins and whether all the people who paid to see the planet from a spaceship really can be considered astronauts. 6lo61
In fact, to answer this question, it is important to understand more about the Kármán Line and most importantly: who did you ask this question to? The answer can vary widely, and astronomy experts continue to try to decide where outer space begins. Understand the subject completely now.
What is outer space? 1r2u5d
Outer space, in addition to the planets we already know, also has asteroids, comets, stars, meteoroids and Earth satellites. NASA, from companies like Starlink and other companies that use these devices to provide services.
There is a very wide debate about what the limit between the Earth's atmosphere and outer space is, but experts agree on one sentence: this part of the universe really begins when a person leaves our planet's atmosphere.
But as there is no kind of toll or visible limit that informs us that a person is in outer space during a trip, it is really difficult to make this definition. But Theodore von Kármán, a Hungarian-American engineer and physicist, even stipulated where space begins and his studies are discussed to this day.
The Line of Karmán 163lo
For being one of the professionals who contributed most to us knowing where outer space begins, Theodore von Kármán decided that all aircraft that were above 80 km above sea level could be considered astronautical.
Below this, all people who made a trip below the limit defined by the engineer were not considered astronauts and the trip was aeronautics, rather than spatial.
However, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric istration from the USA (NOAA ou YEAR) considers that the Kárman Line is located 100 km above sea level. The limit is still used by International Aeronautical Federation (FAI) as a way of deciding that this is the point at which outer space begins.
new definition 655w9
It's important to understand that when everything was set in the 1990s, we still didn't have that much knowledge about planets, black holes, and stars. With this in mind, Jonathan McDowell, from Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, recalculated the Karman's Line to know if the calculation could still really be considered or some change should be made.
With data from outer space flights from 43 satellites, McDowell then realized that models that go beyond the limit of 80 kilometers altitude above sea level have a lower chance of returning to our planet. The basis for these calculations was the lowest point in the satellites' orbit, called the perigee. The astrophysicist also managed to understand that if the satellites are above 99 kilometers above sea level, the chance of returning to planet Earth is extremely low.
You don't see satellites reach 112 kilometers and come back. It is a well-demarcated boundary, a boundary with a good demarcation, which goes from the smallest possible perigee to the point from which it is no longer possible to return.
Jonathan McDowell, from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
As a result, McDowell will be driving the debate for more people in the astronomy community to have their say and the boundary to be defined. However, there are professionals from other countries who do not agree with the value of 80 kilometers above sea level.
China's limit of space 21b2o
A China has its own concepts regarding where outer space begins. One of them is that if a satellite is flying above 88 kilometers above sea level, it is already in the same location as planets, comets and stars.
However, if your project is at an altitude above 96 kilometers above sea level, the country understands that you are committing military aggression and there will be problems. During the end of last year, the Asian country ed the United Nations (ONU) to denounce that the satellite Starlink-1095 almost collided with the space station Tiangong-3 da China. Chinese astronauts had to swerve twice to prevent an accident from happening.
Although the Outer Space Treaty have been signed by several nations that are part of the ONU, China claims that the satellites of Starlink can be a problem for other countries and companies. This is because there is still no inspection by the US to ensure that US companies do not generate accidents in space. It was necessary that the NASA and Starlink strike a deal so that problems don't happen.
In fact, despite all the discussion, there is still no document that regulates and requires inspection to be carried out in a neutral manner. A ONU came to act on January 27, 1967 in the creation of the Outer Space Treaty which in addition to deciding some rules, also guaranteed that no celestial body could have an owner, no matter how hard someone tried to make the sale.
But we still have a lot to decide: with companies already investing in space tourism and the first commercial trips to space also already taking place, the update is more than necessary.
Space limit according to NASA 3v2l27
In fact, there is no law or writing in any historical document that answers this question. The answer could then be defined as 80 kilometers above the sea, since the Federal Aviation istration, the US Air Force, NOAA and NASA use this number as a basis for their studies.
Currently, the Karman line is located 62 kilometers from the sea line and this could be considered as a basis for the topic question of this text, since the NOAA considers this part of the universe as the boundary between the earth's atmosphere and outer space.
However, the NASA Mission Control Center also considers the distance of 122 kilometers as a basis for defining the beginning of outer space, precisely because it is “at this point that atmospheric drag becomes noticeable”.
The writing was done by Bhavya Lal e Emily Nightingale do Institute for Scientific and Technological Policies during a literature review in 2014. It is difficult to define a limit because there is no visible limit. Just as there is no consensus on this discussion.
What NASA astronauts say 6453m
Despite all the training and strict selection to be considered an employee of the NASA who goes to space, astronauts agree that even those who paid to travel, rather than those who leave the planet for some exploration mission, also deserves the same title. Everyone knows that people who are adept at space tourism are in that position because they paid for it and they are not (and should not be) mistaken for a commander who has been in training for years.
I think if you step over the line, you certainly qualify as an astronaut, without a doubt. The more the better.
Terry Virts, former commander of the International Space Station who was in orbit for 213 days
This proves the thought that if one day you make a trip to space and the spacecraft exceeds the altitude of 100 kilometers above sea level, it can indeed be considered an astronaut. Also don't think that not being in orbit doesn't qualify you as an astronaut.
Alan Shepard e Gus Grissom, performed a flight in the sub-orbital region of space and taking this rule into , they would not be astronauts. But the fact of being on the ship and ing the limit that the agencies use as a base is more than enough to receive the title.
What do you think of the current outer space limits taken into by specialized agencies? tell us Comment!
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Pig iron: National Geographic l NASA l The Guardian
