The 2m2k3r
Pave nemakore maviri kubva Covidien-19 Yakapararira pasirese, ichitiisa kuchinjo yakakomba mutsika, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakufamba nendege. Nekudaro, ikozvino nekuti haisisiri hutano hwekukurumidzira, iyo Anvisa (National Health Surveillance Agency), yakabvumidza kurerutswa kwemizhinji yemitemo iyi inoraira kungwarira, kunyanya kana tichitaura nezve kushandiswa mask mukubhururuka. b3qn
Mitemo yazvino 4un6c
Musi waZvita 17, 2020, nekuda kwekutanga kweiyo coronavirus, iyo Anvisa Collegiate Board kuisa kushanda kwe Kugadziriswa kweCollegiate Board of Directors (RDC) de nhamba 456 iyo inotumira mitemo yekudzivirira yakabatana mukufamba nendege, sekudzikamisa huwandu hwevatyairi, kushandiswa kwe masks, pa-board service, pakati pemamwe maodha.
Nekudaro, muna Chikunguru 12, 2022, nekupera kwePublic Health Emergency yeNational Kukosha, iyo Anvisa akaita shanduko kuchisarudzo kuburikidza Technical Note Nhamba 58. Naizvozvo, huwandu hwevatakuri mumotokari hunobvumidzwa, sezvinoonekwa mumusoro wechitatu:
“[…] (b) kutangwazve kwemukana wekugara uchigarwa kwemotokari (semuenzaniso mabhazi) anoshandiswa kutakura vafambi kuti vakwire kana kuburuka munzvimbo iri kure; […]”
Anvisa muTechnical Note Nha.58
Nezve kushandiswa kwe masks uye kushanda kwezvinodiwa zvekudya, musoro wechina unozivisa kuti:
"Kuratidzira nenzvimbo yehunyanzvi kuchengetedza, nekumwe kugadziridzwa, mamwe matanho ezvino ekudzikisa, anoti: (a) kureba kwemuviri, kana zvichibvira, ingangoita mita imwe; (b) kushandiswa kwemasks ekudzivirira kumeso mukati mendege uye munzvimbo dzakaganhurirwa dzenhandare dzendege, kunze kwenguva inodiwa yekudya/kunyorovesa uye kuita basa rekunze; (c) utsanana hwemaoko nguva nenguva; uye (d) kutepfenyura yambiro dzemanzwi dzakagadziridzwa; “
Anvisa muTechnical Note Nha.58
Tichifunga nezve shanduko nyowani idzi, huwandu hwepamusoro hwevatakuri hwadzokera kune zvakajairika kushanda mumotokari dzese dzekutakura. Zvichakadaro, the masks mukufamba nendege ramba uri imwe yedziviriro huru pakurwisa hutachiona Covidien-19saka, vanoramba vachisungirwa mundege uye munzvimbo chaidzo dzenhandare yendege, senge nzira yekufambisa uye munzira yekumhanya, kunze kwenguva zvokudya.
Nekudaro, zvichiri kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuti kune kwakakodzera kureba uye kuti hutsanana hwemunhu hunoitwa nguva nenguva. Uyezve, kudikanwa kwekudzika kwakarongeka kunochengetwa kuderedza ngozi inoshanda yekusvibiswa, nenzira imwe chete iyo, pose pazvinobvira, chinhambwe pakati pevafambi chinochengetwa.
Yakakurudzirwa masikisi 2js6w
Kana tichitaura nezvekudzivirirwa, pane hanya shoma uye mask pakubhururuka ndiko kudzivirira kwakabatana. Kuti dziviriro ibudirire, izvi PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) inofanira kumisa huwandu hukuru hwematehwe anodzingwa nemuromo kana mumhino. Kana totaura nezvazvo mask zvekudzivirira kubva Covidien-19, kune zvakasiyana-siyana, asi haugoni kuvimba nadzo dzose.
Maererano neimwe chinyorwa yeAnvisa yakaburitswa muna Chivabvu 2020, iyo PFF2 ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka mask kushandisa, kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya uye kusimbiswa. Iyo ine yakanakisa kusefa, nekudaro zita rekuti "PFF", zvinoreva "Kusefa Facial Piece". Nhamba yacho inomiririra mhando yayo uye yakanyanya kusefa inokwanisa. Panguva iyo PFF2 anogona kuchengeta 94% zvezvisaririra zvemhepo, PFF1 inosvika pakakwirira 80% and the PFF3, inowanzoshandiswa mumaindasitiri, inochengetedza 99%. Uyezve, imwe pfungwa yakanaka yeizvi mask, mukana wekushandisazve.
Mushure PFF2, Goedert, inyanzvi yekuchenesa zvigadzirwa kambani, inoshuma kuti iyo chete mask iyo inoswedera pedyo nekushanda kwayo ndiyo kuvhiya kunoraswas, sezvo kugadzirwa kwayo kuine mitsara mitatu yefiber uye yakagadzirwa nejira risiri rakarukwa (TNT) Iyi modhi yemachira yakakura uye inogadzirwa chaizvo kuti iraswe. Muenzaniso wechimwe chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa nechinhu ichi machira. Naizvozvo, aya masiki akachipa zvakanyanya uye ane kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro.
Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kana mask zvinhu zvinoraswa zvinobva zvanyorova, kudzivirira kwayo kuchakuvadzwa uye inofanira kutsiviwa. Muchokwadi, kana iwe ukaramba uri munzvimbo yakavharwa kwenguva yakareba nevanhu vazhinji, zvinodikanwa kuti uchinje iyo mask maawa mana oga oga.
Zvose masks zviripo, mubatsiri mukuru wehomwe dzeBrazil machira, asi haasi ese akachengeteka. Zvimwe zvacho zvinogadzirwawo TNT, zvisinei, haina zvikamu zvitatu zvekudzivirira uye ine maburi akawanda anobvumira tsvina kupfuura.
Zvinoenderana nezvidzidzo zveUSP, muganho wavo wekudzivirira uri pakati pe15% ne70%, iri kutamba nerombo rakanaka. Kana iwe uchida kutarisa kuti yako yakanaka sei mask yakaitwa edza kuona chiedza chezuva nacho kana kudzima kenduru. Kana uchikwanisa kuita zvese zviri zviviri, zvinoreva kuti hauna kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka.
Chii chinogona uye chisingakwanisi 6a3e4p
Zvinoenderana neruzivo pawebhusaiti yeLATAM Airlines, masiki chete anotenderwa ndeaya N95 (PFF2 muAmerican standard) uye KN95 (PFF2 muChinese standard), ese asina mavharuvhu. Iyo kambani zvakare inobvumidza kushandiswa kwemasks ekuvhiya anoraswa.
Gol, maererano nezvairi, inobvumira mhando dzakafanana dze mask mundege. Musiyano pano ndeye mvumo yeku masks jira rine matatu akaturikidzana, kuwedzera dziviriro kurwisa utachiona, ndosaka bvunzo pamusoro inonakidza.
Zvichienderana Federal Law No. 14.019/20 mune art. 3rd ndima 7th, the mask pakubhururuka unozoregererwa chete kana: uri mwana ari pasi pemakore matatu, munhu ane autism spectrum disorder, urema hwekunzwa kana humwe hurema hunoita kuti kusakwanisa kushandisa mask panzendo.
Ndichiri kuGori kupinda kwevanhu ava pasina masks vanozobvumidzwa chete negwaro rekurapa panguva yekukwira, kuLATAM vanokumbira kuti chitupa kana fomu ravakapihwa ritumire maawa makumi mana nemasere ndege isati yasvika.
Mask mundege uye mu-ndege sevhisi 1n601z
In-ndege sevhisi yakadzokera pakufamba nendege nevashandi vachishandisa masks. Nekudaro, Anvisa anoti:
"[...] zvichave zvakakodzera kuti masevhisi emubhodhi ave mapfupi sezvinobvira, kuitira kuti asakanganisa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemasks ekudzivirira kumeso nevafambi."
Anvisa muTechnical Note Nha.58
Nekuda kweizvozvo, gwaro rinozivisawo kutarisisa kwakanyanya kune zvinhu zvakasangana zvakananga nevafambi, senge mahwendefa, magirazi, zvicherwa uye zvinhu zvinoraswa. Mushure mekuita kwese, hutsanana hwemaoko nedoro gel hwakakosha kuitira kuti mask kuiswa zvakare, nguva dzose uchibata chete mativi elastics.
Onawo
Uri kunetseka here nezvekuenda usina mask kana uchifamba? Tarisa chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pemafungiro enyanzvi.
: Anvisa, Bazi rezveHutano, Arco Magazine, LifeProtect, LATAM Airlines, Gol, Goedert.
