Muongororo yakaitwa musi wa29, the NASA akazivisa kuti asteroid Bennu, iyo pfungwa yekudzidza kwemakore, ine zvikamu zvakakosha zvekutanga kwehupenyu, inoratidzira dzidziso yokuti zvikamu zvekuvapo kwedu zvakasvika kuburikidza neasteroids. Nzwisisa zvinobuda. 3b59i
Iyo OSIRIS-REx basa 483r14
A NASA Iwe unoziva kuti makore matanhatu ega ega, asteroid Bennu inosvika kuNyika, ichipfuura makiromita mazana matatu kubva ipapo. Tichitarisa pakutsvaga kuti ndeapi zvikamu zvemakemikari zviripo mu300-mita-diameter yekudenga, mishoni yakatumirwa muna 500 kuunganidza chikamu chenyaya.
Pamutengo weUS $ 1,2 bhiriyoni, iyo NASA akashandisa chikepe Osiris Rex, iyo ine robhoti ruoko, kutora kumativi 120 magiramu dema huruva. Apo izvi zvakapedzwa, chikepe chakaiswa mu capsule ndokudzokera kuNyika muna 2023. Zvikamu zvakagoverwa nemayunivhesiti pasi rose.
Magiramu 120 angaita sediki kune vasinganzwisisi nezvenyeredzi, asi masayendisiti akawana zvikamu zviduku anosimbisa kuti iyi ipfuma chaiyo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mhedzisiro yetsvakiridzo inobatsira kunzwisisa kwakabva hupenyu uye kuti aya asteroid aive akakosha sei pakuumbwa kwehupenyu.
Tsvaga mhinduro 5bp2y
Basa iri rakaratidza kuti asteroid Bennu ine amino acids uye makemikari emakemikari aripo muDNA yevanhu. Izvi zvinoratidza, chekutanga, kuti solar system yaive nezvinhu zvakakosha muhupenyu makore 4,5 bhiriyoni apfuura uye, pamwe, zvivharo zvehupenyu zvaive zvakajairika uye zvinogona kunge zvakabonderana nemapuraneti akati wandei mugwara redu renyeredzi.
Mushure mekuita ongororo kwemwedzi inosvika mitanhatu, masayendisiti akawana kuti Bennu ine zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu zvemhando dze organic mamorekuru mukuumbwa kwayo. Izvi zvinovhara gumi nemana emakumi maviri emaamino acids akakosha pakuumbwa kwemapuroteni muhupenyu hwepasi. Uyezve, zvigadziko zvina zvenitrogenous zvinoumba DNA zvakaonekwa: adenine, guanine, cytosine uye thymine.
Kuwanikwa uku kunoratidza kuti asteroid chikamu chechinhu chakakura kwazvo chakazvipatsanura mumakore apfuura. NASA inoziva kuti ingadai yakaumbwa munzvimbo inonzi kunze kweSolar System, kupfuura orbit yeJupiter.
Imwe ruzivo rwakakosha yaigoneka kuwanikwa chete nehura diki diki nderekuti asteroid ine akawanda emunyu nemaminerari. Izvi zvinosimbisa dzidziso yokuti asteroid yakambova nemvura munguva yakapfuura, ichishanda senzvimbo inobatsira upenyu. Ammonia, chikamu chakakosha chekuchinja kwebiochemical, yakawanikwawo mumuenzaniso.
Muna Chikumi 2023, NASA yakaona kuti asteroid Bennu inogona kunge yaive chikamu chenyika ine gungwa uye, nekuti yaive neradioactive zvinhu, tembiricha yaro yakakonzera kuti ice rinyunguduke uye kuti asteroid yakaramba isina kushanduka kwemamiriyoni emakore kusvika kupisa kwayo kweradioactive. kana yaparara. Munguva iyi, ammonia yakashanda sechinhu chinodzivirira kutonhora, ichibvumira brine kuramba iri mvura.
Kuwanikwa uku kunonakidza nekuti kunoratidza kuti maasteroid akaita seBennu akamboshanda semafekitari makuru emakemikari ari muchadenga uye anogona kunge akakonzeresa zvinhu zvakakosha pahupenyu hwePasi uye mamwe mapuraneti ari muSolar System yedu.
Daniel P. Glavin, musayendisiti weNASA uye munyori anotungamirira wekudzidza.
Asteroid senzvimbo inokodzera hupenyu 2w6b1l
Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti Bennu aive nemamiriro ezvinhu angadai akabatsira pakuumbwa kwema organic molecules. Nekudaro, hapana humbowo hunoratidza kuti hupenyu hwakatanga pane asteroid.
Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinosimbisa fungidziro yekuti maasteroid akaita seBennu anogona kunge akabatsira mukupararira kwezvivakwa zvakakosha zvehupenyu muSolar System, zvichida kutamba chikamu mukutanga kwehupenyu paPasi.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kwaive kuonekwa kwedhaka re hydrated rine hydroxyls, iyo inoratidza kushamwaridzana kwenguva refu nemvura munguva yakapfuura yeasteroid. Kuvapo kweammonia nenitrogenous komisheni kunoratidza kuti, pane imwe nguva, Bennu inogona kunge yakave nemhoteredzo dzakapfuma mumakomboni epre-biotic, zvichifarira kuita kwemakemikari kungadai kwakakonzera kuumbwa kwemamwe mamorekuru akaoma kunzwisisa.
Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinopindirana nedzidziso pamusoro pekwakabva hupenyu paNyika, izvo zvinonongedza kune mukana wekuti meteorites nemaasteroids zvakaunza zvakakosha, senge amino acids uye shuga, izvo zvingave zvakakonzera kubuda kwekutanga kwehupenyu hwepasi. Iyo OSIRIS-REx mission inoenderera mberi nekuongorora zvidimbu zveBennu kudzamisa ruzivo nezvemaitiro aya uye kukosha kwazvo mukuongorora nyeredzi.
Basa OSIRIS-REx akapedza chikamu chekuunganidza uye kuendesa kwemasampuli kubva kune asteroid Bennu, asi inoramba ichishanda muchikamu chitsva. Mushure mekudzoka kuPasi uye nekuburitsa kapisi nemasampuli munaGunyana 2023, probe yakaenderera mberi nerwendo rwayo uye yakatumidzwa zita rekuti OSIRIS-APEX. Iye zvino, anoenderera mberi nekudzidza asteroid Apophis, yakarongwa kuti isvike 2029.
Uye tiudze mashoko: Unofunga kuti upenyu hwakavapo sei panyika yedu?
Onawo
Neruzivo: NASA l Nature Magazini
Ongororo yemavara yakaitwa na: Daniel Coutinho musi wa 30/01/2025
