Hapana mubvunzo, Muchinda wePezhiya ndeimwe yemitambo ine simba zvakanyanya munhoroondo yemitambo yemavhidhiyo. Uropi hwemugadziri wezvirongwa wekuAmerica, Jordan Mechner, akashandura musika nekuda kwezvishamiso zvezvirongwa zvechokwadi. 394q25
Tsvaga iyo inonakidza nyaya iri shure kwekuvandudzwa kwayo pazasi!
Kutanga kwezvinhu zvose 4nl60
Mechner akanga asisiri mugadziri wepurogiramu asina ruzivo paakatanga kugadzira Muchinda wePezhiya. Pazera re25, akaberekerwa muNew York uye chikamu chemhuri yakabva kuvaJudha vakatiza hondo, Jorodhani yakanga yatotanga imwe yemitambo yekombiyuta yakabudirira zvikuru kusvika nhasi: karateka, cinematic martial arts adventure.
Kugadzira uye pakupedzisira kutanga karateka, Mechner aifanira kunge achigadzira zvakanyanya, nekuti nekuda kwekuremerwa kwakawanda kweiyo hardware panguva iyoyo, hurongwa hwake hwaifanira kuve hwakajeka uye hunoshanda, tichifunga nezve mashoma mabhenefiti ayo chikuva chaakasika mutambo, Apple II, had.
Pakati pezvinhu zvitsva zvakawanda zvaakaratidza pakanga pane mifananidzo. Kwavari, kuitira kuti vanyatsoona, Jorodhani yakashandisa nzira inonzi rotoscoping, umo, rimwe nerimwe, mafaremu ekufambisa anoteedzerwa pamusoro pemifananidzo yevanhu chaivo vari kuita.
Kuti aite izvi, aivimba nerubatsiro rwemhuri yake. Aine kamera yeSuper 8 muruoko, mukomana uyu akaenda nevabereki vake nehanzvadzi kunzvimbo yakashama pedyo nepamba pemhuri, kwaakakumbira baba vake kuti vapfeke gi rainge rakweretwa kuna amai vake, vaidzidzira karate panguva yavo yekusununguka, ndokumutora firimu. .kufamba sezvingaitwa nemutambi wemutambo. Ikoko, akakwanisa zvakare kurekodha mamwe animations pa celluloid yaizove chikamu che karateka, semusangano wegamba nemusikana, nguva yaakatora firimu baba vake vachimbundira hanzvadzi yavo, uye kunyange, mune mamwe marekodhi, iye pachake achitamba mhandu.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, nechinangwa chekubata zvibhakera zvehondo, Jorodhani aive nerubatsiro rwemurairidzi aidzidzisa amai vake, achimukumbira kuti aite matinji, zvibhakera uye mamwe mafambiro anodiwa kuti ave. karateka sechokwadi sezvinobvira. Baba vake, Francis, vakabatsirawo zvakanyanya kudivi remimhanzi remutambo. Murume ane matarenda akawanda, Francis shasha yekuridza piyano, uye nezvipo zvake zvekusika, akakwanisa kunyora zvibodzwa zviri nyore asi zvinonyandura. karateka.
Zvese zvakazoguma nekuvhurwa kwezvakava budiriro huru, iyo neyakave isati yamboitika yekuratidzwa, mukuwedzera kune yakaoma gameplay, yakakunda pamusoro pemutambo wekombuta vanonyanyisa. Munzira dzakawanda, pasina karateka pangadai pasina Muchinda wePezhiya, kwete kure nemamiriro ezvemari, sezvazvakanga zvakaita nekukunda kubva mumutambo uyu kuti Mechner akakwanisa kutsaurira nguva yakakodzera kune purojekiti yake huru inotevera.
Muchinda wePezhiya 40161z
Kunyangwe kusvika padanho risati rambosvika nemutambo iwoyo, Mechner aida zvimwe. Aizoshandisa echimurenga animation matekiniki uye zvirongwa zvekuronga zvaakange awana kusvika panguva iyoyo kuti ashande pane chaizova hunyanzvi hwake hukuru: Muchinda wePezhiya, maakafuridzirwa nekare matinee adventure series, pamwe neIndiana Jones, uko nzira yegamba yakazara nemisungo ine ngozi uye vavengi veropa.
Uyewo Karateka, Muchinda wePezhiya Zvakatora tarenda rose iro Joridhani raive naro muhurongwa uye semuenzi kuti riite chokwadi, uye senge nyaya dzese kubva pakutanga kwechero indasitiri, rwendo urwu rwakanga rusiri nyore zvachose. Mutambo uyu waive neimwe nzira yekusimudzira, uye kuti ibve pasi, yaifanira kufamba nzira ine mabhinya, kunze kwemamepu mashoma aivepo muindasitiri yemitambo yemavhidhiyo.
Nekufamba kwemvura uye kwechisikigo, sezvaakangoitawo karateka, mugadziri wechidiki akachinja svikiro nekupa chimiro chayo chikuru zvakawanda zvekuita kunze kwekurwa. Mumutambo uyu, muchinda, ane mafuremu emifananidzo aive akavakirwa pane zvakarekodhwa zvemunin'ina wake, akapihwa huwandu hwakakura hwekufamba, zvichiita kuti asvetuke, kukwira, kudonha, pakati pezvimwe zviito zvakawanda.
Kuti aite izvi, aifanira kunge aine hungwaru, sezvo ndangariro yeApple II yaingova ne48 kilobytes, isingasviki faira remavara nhasi. Mukati mavo, data rese remutambo rinofanira kukwana, kuitira kuti rigone kutakurwa uye kutambwa. Pakutanga, zvisinei, iwo animations ega akatosvika padanho iri. Mechner aifanira kugadzira kuti akunde chipingamupinyi ichi, mushure mezvose, anga achigadzira chirongwa kweanopfuura makore maviri uye pakanga pasina nzira yekudzokera.
Kupfuura miganhu yese 4a6g68
Panguva iyoyo, pakati pemakore ekuma1980, chikuva chakanyanya mumusika wekutamba kwekombuta chaive Apple II, uye yaive komputa ine diki, zvese zvine graphical uye sonically, kunyangwe kana ichienzaniswa nevakwikwidzi vayo vakaita seCommodore 64. Nechikonzero ichi. , Jordan akazviwana ari kuronga zvakanyanya karateka vangani Muchinda wePezhiya kuchikuva.
Kubatsira kukuru kwemuchina wakagadzirwa naSteve Jobs nekambani yaive yekuti ndiyo yaive iri mudzimba zhinji mumisika mikuru yemitambo, United States neEurope, uye maturusi emitambo yaigona kugadzirwa aive akawanda, mamwe acho. Mechner pachake akange aronga, kuti amubatsire mukugadzira mitambo yake, sezvaakaita karateka.
Paakatarisana neApple II's memory muganho, mashoma 48 kilobytes akagarwa zviri nyore ne - panguva iyoyo, kanenge - hupenzi huwandu hwe data kubva kumitambo inoshamisa yemitambo, akazviwana ari pamharadzano. Kune rimwe divi, pakanga paine IBM, yaizokurumidza kukunda mukwikwidzi wayo nekombuta yayo, iyo 286, uye, kune imwe, pakanga paine Apple II, mukuderera kuzere.
Pakanga pasina nzira iyo Joridhani yaigona kutanga kubva pakutanga uye kugadzira mutambo kune chero imwe puratifomu. Netambo yakatenderedza muhuro make, akazviwana afurirwa nemafungiro evaaishanda navo, vaakagovana navo nzvimbo yebasa. Pakati pavo paiva naTomi Pierce, uyo pose paaimuona padhesiki rake achishanda nehasha pamutambo wake, aisimbisa pfungwa yokuti. Muchinda wePezhiya kwaitofanira kuva kunopfuura kungopukunyukawo zvako, kuwana nzvimbo yokurwa.
Pakutanga, Mechner aipesana nepfungwa iyi, asi, zvishoma nezvishoma, akaona kuti zvaakanga agadzira kusvika zvino zvaisanakidza kutamba, rimwe dambudziko raizogadziriswa mukuwedzera kune Apple II's memory limitations. Kuti akwanise kubatanidza mamwe mavara kuti muchinda arwise, aifanira kutendeukira kune kuraira kwechirongwa kwakasiyana nepuratifomu yaaishanda pairi.
Yakanga iri EOR - Exclusive-OR Memory ine Accumulator - kana, mune mamwe mazwi, murairo wakapa byte yedata kukwanisa kuita nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana, kana paine maviri akafanana munhevedzano, achikwanisa kuita chiito kana kwete. 0 kana 1. Shadow Man akaberekwa, mumvuri murume, mupikisi akakwana wemutambi, achibuda mugirazi iyo muchinda anowana mugomba.
Muvengi uyu chaive chipingamupinyi chisina basa, sezvo chakabvisa zvese zvakange zvaitwa ne protagonist, uye, pamusoro pazvo, akaba akakosha ekudzorera potions. Nekuda kwekumisikidzwa kwemakombuta eApple II, Mechner akakwanisa kugadzira muvengi akasarudzika, chinhu chisipo chekugadzira. Muchinda wePezhiya zvinofadza, sezvaimboitwa pfungwa yekukurumidzira kuti chipingamupinyi chitsva ichi chaitaurwa chakanga chisipo.
Mhinduro iyi yakatonyanya kuve detembo: nekuti yaive mufananidzo chaiwo wemutambi, pawakanyanya kurwa neichi chitarisiko, ndipo pakanyanya kupera simba rakakosha re protagonist. Mhinduro yaive yekubvisa munondo uye kubatana nemuvengi, kuita imwe zvakare, kudzoreredza zvese zvakabiwa kusvika zvino ne "muipi". Mhinduro yakanaka kune dambudziko hombe, rakazovapo nekuda kwekuoma kwekuronga mutambo mukati memiganhu yakanyanyisa yeApple II.
Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, Mechner akashandisa hungwaru uye kugona kwemutauro wechirongwa chepuratifomu kuita kuti mutambo ushande sezvinobvira, achigadzira nzvimbo yekujekeswa kwehurongwa hwekurwa nebakatwa, kubatanidzwa kwevarindi, uye sahwira wekupedzisira, grandvizier, uyo akabata muchindakadzi pakupera kwemutambo, aine 12 kilobytes akachengetwa neApple II mundangariro dzayo dzekubatsira.
Vavengi pakureba 1m4s1u
Dambudziko idzva rakamuka: maitiro ekuita nemifananidzo yekurwa. Aine munun'una wake kune rumwe rutivi rwenyika uye asingazivi chero ani zvake aiziva kuvhara, Jordan akatendeukira kune rimwe remafirimu aanofarira, Robin Hood, Errol Flynn's classic kubva kuma 1930. Nekurova kwekupedzisira, pane chiitiko chipfupi. mufirimu rinoratidza iro gamba nemuvengi wake vakatarisana, vakatarisana, mune chimiro, chaizvo izvo zvaidiwa nemugadziri weNew York kuti auye nemaanimation emutambo!
Achitora mafoto ega ega mafambiro evatambi vaviri ava, Mechner akaburitsa mafambiro anodiwa pakurwa kunotendwa mumutambo wake. Pakupedzisira, chiono chake chakanga chakwana. Muchinda wePezhiya yakasvika pachimiro chayo chokupedzisira. Nechiitiko ichi, Jorodhani akazviwana achidzidza chidzidzo chinokosha, sezvaaiteerera inzwi raibva mukati make, iro rakatsvaga kuunza kumutambo chinhu chiripo mumafirimu aaida zvikuru, kusiyana nekudiwa kwekuunza kumutambo. mutambo wake muyero wakanaka wemanzwiro kuburikidza nekurwa. (https://vallartainfo.com)
Kuroora zvinhu zviviri izvi, mutambo watinoziva nhasi wakazvarwa uye wakapesvedzera vamwe vazhinji kubva ipapo. Yakatangwa muna 1989, Muchinda wePezhiya yakanga isiri shasha yakatokura yokutengesa kupfuura karateka, nekuti panguva iyoyo kutyisa kwakaipisisa kwaMechner kwakange kwaitika, nekunonoka kweApple II. Nekudaro, yaive neshanduko kune angangoita ese emapuratifomu emakomputa uye vhidhiyo yemitambo inonyaradza iyo mutambo wakave shanduko yawaive, uchiuponesa kubva mukukanganwa uye kusunungura Jorodhani kubva pamipimo yeApple II.
Mumakumi emakore akatevera, Muchinda wePezhiya yakagamuchira akawanda sequels, uye zvichibva pane prototype yaizove chitsauko chitsva munhevedzano, yekutanga Bakatwa Creed. Iwo akatevedzana, zvisinei, anorarama. Iyo ichangoburwa incarnation yefranchise ichaburitswa muna Ndira, uye inoita kunge mutambo une simba rakasimba kubva kuApple II yekutanga, ine rupo dosi yemakanika. meroidvania, yakavakirwa, zvakare, pane yakanakisa kusikwa kweGunpei Yokoi, Metroid, uye zvinotyisa Castlevania: Symphony of the Night, pfungwa yaKoji Igarashi.
Uye zvechokwadi tichava nezvimwe zvakawanda nezvake, zvine musoro Muchinda wePezhiya: Korona Yakabiwa, munguva pfupi iri kuuya pano paShowmetech. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, ona zvatinofunga nezve yako kuratidzira, inowanikwa kune veruzhinji mukati megore rino reBrasil Game Show!
ONA ZVAKAWANDA
Source: ars Technica, Kugadzirwa kweKarateka, Wikipedia [1], [2]
Ongororo yemavara yakaitwa na: Pedro Bomfim (13 / 11 / 23)
