Kunyunguduka kwemazaya echando muNorthern Hemisphere, zvichikonzerwa nekudziya kwepasi, yave iri nyevero kumasayendisiti pasi rose. Uye munguva pfupi yapfuura, samples dze "zombie virus" (munyaya iyi, hutachiona hwechando, hwakaoma) hwakawanikwa muzvikamu zvezvinonzi. "permafrost" (kana kuti permafrost), iri muArctic, uye yakaongororwa murabhoritari yenzira dzinobvira dzeutachiona, kana “kumutsazve”. 736q3e
Ruzivo nezve "zombie virus" 5qh3z
A permafrost Iro ivhu repasi rinogarwa nechando zvachose. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inoshanda zvisina kunanga se "nguva capsule", nekuchengetedza zvakasara zvemhuka dzakatsakatika kubva munzvimbo ine chando. Iwo anonzi "zombie mavhairasi", zviuru zvemakore, akaonekwa muzvikamu zve permafrost izvo zvakakanganiswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Iyo ichangoburwa yeiyi inodzokera ku48.500 makore apfuura, yakatorwa kubva kune ivhu sampu kubva kune pasi pegungwa, 16 metres pasi pepamusoro.
Jean Michel Claverie, purofesa wemishonga uye genomics pa Aix-Marsseille Yunivhesiti yeMishonga, iri muMarseille, , yave ichishanda pazvidzidzo zve "zombie virus" uye zvinogona kuitika. Jean akaongorora samples dzakatorwa kubva ku permafrost kubva kuSiberia, mukuedza kuwana kana zvidimbu zvipi nezvipi zvakawanikwa zvingagona kutapukira; uye nyanzvi yakawana zvimwe.
Claverie anodzidza hutachiona hwaakatanga kuwana muna 2003, hunozivikanwa se "giant virus": iyo inogona kuongororwa uchishandisa maikorosikopu akareruka pane emagetsi. Uye muna 2014 na2015, musayendisiti akakwanisa kumutsiridza mavhairasi kubva permafrost yakazviparadzanisa panguva mbiri idzi, iyo inogona kungobata protozoa ye genus amoeba - uye akabudirira “kumutsa” mishonga inotapukira.
Uyezve, muna Kukadzi gore rino, Jean akabudisa chidzidzo nemasampuli kubva kuSiberia, uyewo nemigumisiro yakanaka muhutachiona hweamoebas akasarudzwa. Hutachiona hweArctic hwemakore makumi mana nemasere hwakanga huri hwekare hwakaonekwa muzvidzidzo zvichangobva kuitika.
Isu tinoona mavhairasi akatapurira amoebas se "surrogates" kune mamwe mavhairasi anogona kunge ari mu permafrost. Tawana zvisaririra zvemavhairasi akawanda uye akawanda, saka tinoziva kuti aripo. Hatizive kana vachiri vapenyu, asi chikonzero ndechekuti kana masampula akatapurira amoeobas ari, hapana chikonzero chekuti vamwe vasazokwanisawo kutapurira vavanotambira.
Jean Michel Claverie wepepanhau CNN
Ko "zombie virus" samples muArctic inogona kusvika kuvanhu? 55846
Pasinei nemhedzisiro yekuedzwa ne "zombie virus" ye permafrost, Zvichiri kunetsa kuziva kana masampula achapona mamiriro ekunze aripo. Sezvo permafrost iri mhoteredzo isina oxygen, uko chiedza chezuva chisingagoni kupinda, mavhairasi akadaro anogona kuchengetedza hunhu hwawo kana akaomeswa nechando; asi uyu hausisiri mutemo kana vachinge vasangana kune tembiricha yazvino muArctic, iyo inowedzera kakapetwa kana nekukurumidza kupfuura mune dzimwe nyika. Terra.
Pamusoro pezvo, pane chokwadi chekuti haazi ese mavhairasi anogona kukonzera hosha muvanhu, uye mamwe anotoipa. Zvisinei, mubvunzurudzo na CNN, Jean Michel Claverie anoti njodzi inogona kuchinja nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze ikozvino. "Kunyungudika kwe permafrost ichakurumidza, uye vanhu vazhinji vanogona kupedzisira vaenda kuArctic nekuda kwekufamba kwemaindasitiri,” anodaro.
Pamusoro pemavhairasi akaonekwa mupermafrost, zvisaririra zvemakemikari uye radioactive zvinhu zvinogona kuwanikwawo mudunhu reArctic. Pamusoro pehutachiona hwe zombie, vanhu vanofanirwa kungwarira kwete chete nehupenyu hwavo, asiwo nemhuka dzesango dzepasirese.
"Dziviriro ye immune system yakagadziridzwa mukusangana ne microbiological nharaunda. Kana pane utachiona permafrost yakavanzika, yatisina kuonana nayo kwezviuru zvemakore, hurongwa hwedu hwekudzivirira hunogona kunge husina kukwana. Zvakakosha kuremekedza mamiriro ezvinhu uye kuva nesimba, uye imwe nzira yekurwisa kutya iri kuburikidza neruzivo”, anotsanangura kudaro Brigitta Evengård, purofesa paDhipatimendi reClinical Microbiology paUniversity yeUema, Sweden. CNN.
Kimberly Miner, nyanzvi yezvemamiriro ekunze anoshanda kune NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory muCalifornia, inoyambira nezvekukosha kwekuchengetedza permafrost chando. "Kune permafrost yakawanda inotinetsa (...) uye hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti hutachiona uhu huchapindirana sei nemamiriro azvino." KuMiner, kusiya mavhairasi permafrost isina kubatwa mushure mekutsvakurudza inogona kuva imwe nzira yakanaka.
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Kunobva: CNN World
