The 2m2k3r
Chibhokisi chevanhu chirwere chakaparadza pasi rose muzana remakore rapfuura, chakapedzwa muma80 mushure memushandirapamwe wepasi rose wejekiseni. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, chirwere chakafanana chakanyevera zviremera zvehutano pasi rose: monkey pox. Mazuva mashoma apfuura takaona kubuda muEurope uye zviitiko zvega muAmerica. Nhasi tichanzwisisa zvishoma nezvechirwere ichi, maitiro ekudzivirira uye mikana yekuti chizopedzisira chave denda - sezvakaitika neCOVID-19. 6bl5n
Chii chinonzi monkeypox? 14k2t
Monkeypox inogonawo kuzivikanwa nemamwe mazita akadai monkeypox - nokuti chirwere chinokonzerwa ne Monkeypox virus - kana muhuwandu hwayo, monkeypox. Chirwere ichi zvakare ndechemhuri imwe chete nechibhokisi (chevanhu), chinokonzerwa neutachiona Orthopoxvirus variolae.
Mushure mokunge chibhokisi chapedzwa munyika yose mu 1980, zvirwere zvemonkeypox zvave kunyanya kunetsa hutano hwepasi rose. Kazhinji, nyaya dzayo dzinongoitika uye dzinotaurwa munzvimbo chaidzo, kunyanya mumatunhu madokero e Central kubva kunyika African. Matunhu maviri aya anopawo hutachiona chaihwo: dunhu repakati rinowanzo nyora nyaya dzakakomba uye dzinotapuriranwa zvakanyanya, nehuwandu hwevanhu vanofa hunosvika 11%, ukuwo dunhu rekumadokero richimiririra kufa kwevanhu vanosvika 4%.
Chirwere chacho chakaonekwa sei? 1gr4e
Pakanga pasina marekodhi ezvirwere zvemonkeypox kunze kweAfrica kusvika 2003, paine kumwe kubuda kwakaonekwa mumakore achangopfuura. Uye kubva muna Chivabvu 13 wegore rino Sangano Rinoona nezve Utano Pasi pose (WHO) yanga ichiwana ruzivo nezve zvimwe zviitiko zvechirwere ichi munyika dzisiri magumo. Kubva muna Chivabvu 21, makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri emarabhoritari akasimbiswa uye makumi maviri nemasere aive achiri kuzivikanwa. Hapana nyaya dzekufa dzakabatanidzwa nechirwere kusvika nhasi. Mhosva idzi dzakaonekwa zvichienderana nekusiyana kwe Western Africa, isingaenderane nenzvimbo dzine utachiona kana kufamba.
Nyika dzinoverengeka dzakabatwa nedenda iri, Spain, Portugal neUnited Kingdom ndidzo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Pamusoro pezvo, nyaya dzemonkeypox dzakaonekwawo mu, Australia, Belgium, Canada, United States, , Netherlands, Italy neSweden. Nezuro, Chivabvu 23, hurumende ye Argentina yakashuma kuti nyika inofungidzira mhosva yekutanga.
Iyo yekuWest Africa ndiyo yakapfava, ine vanhu vanofa pakati pe1% ne10%, uye inoratidzika kunge ndiyo iri kukonzera kubuda muEurope. Iyo inobva kuCentral Africa, kune rumwe rutivi, ine hutsinye uye ine ngozi uye inogona kuuraya inenge 20% yeavo vane utachiona.
Raúl Rivas González, purofesa we microbiology paYunivhesiti yeSalamanca, kuSpain, akaudza BBC News Mundo.
Kusvika muBrazil 5w5o46
Pasinei nekuputika muEurope uye nyaya endemic MuAfrica, nyaya yokutanga yetsoko muSouth America yakanga ichangobva kuitika muArgentina, chiratidzo chinobvira chokuti mhaka ingavapo muBrazil. Nyanzvi dzinoti chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika munyika munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Tsoko inogona kusvika kuBrazil munguva pfupi. Zvinotogona kuti munhu ane utachiona atopinda munyika, achibva kunzvimbo dzine mhosva. […] Nemamwe mashoko, kana mumwe munhu ane utachiona akasvika muBrazil, akasaonekwa uye akasaparadzaniswa nenguva, hosha yacho inogona zvechokwadi kutanga kutapurirwa.
Ethel Maciel, purofesa paFederal University yeEspírito Santo (Ufes)
Pane kudikanwa kwekuona vanhu vanofungidzirwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, nenzira iyi zvinogona kudzivirirwa kuti munyika mune vanhu vakawanda vane hutachiwana, uyewo Brasil. Tarisa uone imwe pfungwa kubva kunyanzvi yehutano maererano nehutano hweveruzhinji hweBrazil:
Kunyangwe isu tiine yakaderera mwero wevanhu vanochinjana nekufamba mushure meCovid-19 denda, mukana wehutachiona uhwu kusvika kuBrazil wakanaka. Veruzhinji nevashandi vehutano vanofanirwa kuziviswa kuti vamhan'are nyaya dzavanenge vafungirwa. Chiratidzo chinonyanya kushamisa ndeche vesicular maronda, rudzi runoonekwa muhuku, asi zvakanyanya.
Eliseu Waldman, chiremba wechirwere chechirwere paFaculty of Public Health paYunivhesiti yeSão Paulo (FSP-USP)
WHO inoti "chiitiko chisina kujairika" 123k5c
Zvinotendwa kuti kushushikana kukuru nezvemonkeypox kunobva mukushungurudzika kwazvino kwakaunzwa neCCIDID-19, iyo yaparadza nyika kubva muna 2020 uye yakadzorwa kuburikidza nemushandirapamwe wekudzivirira wepasi rose. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, World Health Organisation inoshuma kuti, kunyangwe kutya kwekutanga nezvenyaya dzemonkeypox, iyi "chiitiko chisina kujairika", uye kuti nyaya yekuti nyika dzinoverengeka dzine dzimwe nyaya inoratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinogona kunge chave kupararira chinyararire kwenguva yakati.
Sangano iri rinotiwo tsika dzakanaka dzehutsanana, pamwe nekuita zvepabonde zvisina njodzi zvichabatsira kuderedza kupararira kwechirwere ichi pasi rose. Iye zvino Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yekuUnited States yakataura kuti iri mushishi yekuburitsa madosi ejekiseni Jynneos, kurwisa chibhokisi, kubatsira munyaya dzetsoko.
Uye kwete chete WHO, asi iyo National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) akataurawo nezve mabatiro atinofanira kuita nechirwere ichi, achizivisa kuti matanho ekudzivirira panhandare dzendege nendege anofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nekusimbiswa, nekudaro kuchengetedza chipingamupinyi kwete kurwisa COVID-19 chete, asi ichi nezvimwe zvirwere.
Anvisa inoita zvinoenderana nezviito zvemamwe masangano ezvehutano epasirese uye masangano uye anoenderera mberi nekutarisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ezvinhu achigara achisangana neBazi rezvehutano. mitemo iripo uye inoshanda muBrazil
Ziviso kubva kuNational Health Surveillance Agency pamabatiro atinofanira kuita monkeypox
Zviratidzo zvemonkeypox 344b23
Tsoko chibhokisi chinopfuura nepakati pemazuva matanhatu kusvika gumi nematatu, pamwe nekusiyana kwemazuva mashanu kusvika ku6 uye hutachiona hunogona kuitika muzvikamu zviviri. Yekutanga yeiyi inogona kunzi "chikamu chekupinda" - inotora mazuva mashanu - ine zviratidzo zvinogoneka:
- zvakanyanya asthenia (utera)
- kupindwa nechando
- chill
- musoro
- Kutemwa nemusoro
- kurwadziwa kwemusana
- kupera simba
- kuwedzera lymph node
- kurwadziwa nemusana
- myalgia
Kuwedzerwa kweLymph node kunoonekwa sekusiyanisa pakati pezvimwe zvirwere zvakafanana uye zvinogona kuratidza munzvimbo dzakadai se submandibular, sublingual uye cervical nzvimbo.
Imwe yemhando huru yemonkeypox ndeye chaizvo maronda eganda izvo zvinoonekwa mazuva 1 kusvika matatu mushure mekutanga kwefivha, kunyangwe muchikamu chekutanga ichi. Maronda aya anowanzo kutariswa kumeso uye kumucheto kwechiso, pasi nemaoko emaoko, anogona kukanganisa mucosa yemukanwa, nhengo dzesikarudzi uye conjunctivae, pamwe necornea - zvikamu izvi zvataurwa zvakarongeka, uye yekutanga ndiyo yakanyanya kurongeka. nzvimbo dzakakanganisika uye dzekupedzisira, dzinenge dzakakanganisika.
Monkeypox pachayo ndiyo kuzviganhurira, ndiko kuti, pachayo pane nguva yekupedzisira yekutanga kwekuratidzira uye kuguma kwavo, iyo munyaya iyi, inoitika pakati pemavhiki maviri ne2. Zvimwe zvinetso zvinogonawo kubatanidzwa, kazhinji chirwere chechipiri chebhakitiriya cheganda, zvirwere zvepamuviri uye zvirwere zvekufema, pamwe nekeratitis. Zvimwe zviitiko zvakatoshuma kuvapo kweencephalitis. Vana nevakadzi vane pamuviri ndiwo mapoka anopa zviitiko zvakanyanya uye zvinowanzobatanidzwa nemigumisiro yakaipisisa.
Huwandu hwerufu kubva kumonkeypox hunosiyana pakati 0 kusvika 11%, munhoroondo, zviitiko zvakawanda zviri muvana vaduku. Iyo yazvino data inonongedza kune dzimwe nhamba, dziri kuratidzwa pakati 3% kusvika 6% zvekufa kwevanhu.
Sezvineiwo, monkeypox yakapfava zvakanyanya kupfuura shanduro yemunhu yechibhokisi. Zvichienderana neruzivo rwataona, nzufu zhinji dzinoitika munzvimbo dzine urombo zvikuru dzemumaruwa eAfrica uye kazhinji muvana vazhinji nekuda kwesimba ravo rekudzivirira zvirwere.
Raúl Rivas González, purofesa we microbiology paYunivhesiti yeSalamanca, kuSpain, akaudza BBC News Mundo.
Kuti kutapurirana kana kutapurirana kunoitika sei 6l6qj
Pasinei nezita rinoratidza tsoko sekwakabva chirwere, the monkeypox virus yepakutanga haisati yazivikanwa. Mabviro angangoita kusvika parizvino ari mukati mhuka dzesango. Zvino kana tichitaura nezvekutapurirana kuvanhu, nzira dzinoonekwa dziri kuburikidza nemvura yemuviri, kusangana neropa, maronda paganda kana mucous membranes emhuka dzine hutachiona. Dzimwe nzira dzinobvira kudya nyama isina kunyatsoibva kana zvinhu zvinobva kumhuka dzine utachiona.
Kutapurirana pakati pevanhu kunoitika kuburikidza nekusangana kwakananga nemaronda eganda, kubuda kwekufema kana zvinhu zvakangobatwa nehutachiona. Droplet kutapurirana kunoitika kana kubata kwakarebesa, nevanoshamwaridzana vepedyo uye vashandi vehutano vari panjodzi huru. Tsvagiridzo yekutapurirana kwetsoko inoratidza kuti ichi chirwere chisingatapukirwe pane chibhokisi.
Kudzivirira uye kurapwa: pane jekiseni here? 363x1h
Kudzivirira monkeypox kunogona kuburikidza hutsanana hutsika kugeza maoko ako sei, usasangana nemhuka dzesango ou kurwara, pamwe nekudzivisa kusangana nevanhu vangangove vachiratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere. Kuve nejekiseni rekudzivirira chibhokisi (chevanhu) mukati memazuva mana ekufungidzirwa kwechirwere kunogona kuwedzera 85% dziviriro kubva kutsoko.
Kurapa kubata nechirwere kune chinangwa chekudzikisa zviratidzo uye kudzivirirawo matambudziko anogona kuitika kubva pakuonekwa mukati menguva iyo hutachiona hunogara. Tichirangarira kuti, nekuda kwekupedzwa kwechibhokisi muma80, mushonga wekudzivirira chibhokisi unogona kutorwa seushoma nhasi. Nenyaya dzakawanda dziri kubuda, panogona kunge paine mishandirapamwe munzvimbo dzakakanganisika - kana pasirese, zvakare.
Chii chinonzi Monkey Pox? (vhidhiyo) 1iw34
Onawo
Zivai rinobva zvinogona kubatsira vanachiremba.
