The 2m2k3r
Muchikamu chakakosha chakaitwa panguva ye IBM Funga 2019, kambani yakakoka vatori venhau kuti vataure pamusoro penyika inofadza zvikuru ye quantum physics uye kuti zviri kuramba zvichibatika sei, kuburikidza nemichina yakaita se IBM Q IMWE, yekutanga yakabatanidzwa quantum computing system. 67405l
Munhu aitungamira nhaurirano ndiye Bob Sutor, VP weStrategy and Ecosystem kuIBM Q, uye zvakare muongorori kuIBM, akataura nezvehutungamiriri hwekambani muchikamu uye mafambiro ehuwandu hwekombuta kwemakore anotevera.
IBM Q Imwe (kana System ONE) 5491e
With the IBM Q System Imwe, kambani inotanga yekutanga yakabatanidzwa quantum computing system yezvinangwa zviviri panguva imwe chete: zvekutengeserana nesayenzi. Sekureva kwekambani, komputa yequantum ndiyo yekutanga pamusika kuenda kumusika - zvirinani mune dzidziso.
O IBM QOne ine chizvarwa chechina makumi maviri Qubit - kana kuti inonzi quantum bit, inogona kusvika kune zvakakosha kupfuura zvakajairwa -, ichimhanya pane modular uye compact dhizaini yakanangana nekugadzikana, kuvimbika uye kushandiswa kwekutengesa kupfuura zvese.
Chaizvoizvo, iyo IBM yakakwanisa kubatanidza quantum komputa kuita compact chikamu chinogona kushanda kunze kwemarabhoritari ekambani. O IBM QOne inogona kunzwisiswa sehuwandu hwezvikamu zvetsika zvinoshanda pamwechete kuti zvishande seyepamusoro-soro cloud quantum computing chirongwa chiripo munyika. Zvinosanganisira:
- Quantum hardware yakagadzirirwa kuve yakagadzikana uye otomatiki calibrated kupa qubits high quality kakawanda;
- Nekuda kwekugadzirisa kwakadaro, hurongwa hwayo hwekutonhodza hunoda kuvandudzwa kuti hukwanise kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya. Naizvozvo, the Q Imwe yakagadzirwa nekushandisa a cryogenic engineering iyo inopa nharaunda inotonhora (padyo zvakanyanya neabsolute zero pachikero cheKelvin - inenge -273,15 degrees Celsius);
- Quantum Firmware kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwehurongwa uye kupa zvigadziriso pasina kukuvadza vashandisi kuburikidza nekusaita basa;
- Ipa zvakasanganiswa kubva pachinyakare komputa uye quantum komputa kusvika kumakore kuwana uye hybrid kuuraya kwe quantum algorithms.
Zvakakodzera kuyeuka kuti, sezvo iri nyore kutakurwa, uropi hwe IBM Q One inoda kushanda nesimba rakazara kupa mutengi kugona kwavo kuzere. Nokuda kweizvi, pane Q Quantum Computer Center, iyo inoiswa panzvimbo ye IBM, uye pese kana mutengi achiida, vanogona kuiwana kuburikidza negore.
Dhizaini inokwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda f5u24
Yese iyi tekinoroji inogona kuita seyakavimbisa - kutaura zvazviri, ndizvo - asi dhizaini ye IBM QOne ndicho chinonyanya kufadza. Developed by IBM mukudyidzana ne Mepu Project Office (kambani yakashanda nemakambani akadai Hondae Universal Dhizaini Studio, komputa yequantum yakavharirwa mucube hombe yakagadzirwa borosilicate, girazi rakanyoroveswa rinopikisa kutonhora kwakanyanya. Vese vane hanya ne IBM QOne kwete kuputika kubva pakupisa zvakanyanya kwakatorwa munhoroondo mukusimudzira, kusanganisira iyo Goppion, kambani inodzivirira Monalisa, somuenzaniso, yakanga iri chikamu chebasa racho, ichigovera magirazi ayo emhando yepamusoro.
"IBM iri kutora danho rinokosha mukutengeserana kwekombuta ye quantum," akadaro Arvind krishna, Mutevedzeri Mukuru weHybrid Cloud uye Mutungamiriri weKutsvakurudza paIBM.
IBM Q Network 1w534v
Nhasi iyo IBM Inoshanda nguva dzose kushandura masevhisi ayo uye matekinoroji, asi haigone kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka kudaro munguva pfupi iri yega. Naizvozvo, kambani parizvino inopa iyo IBM Q Network, nharaunda yemakambani akapoteredza mazana mashanu, masangano ezvidzidzo, kutanga uye marabhoritari ekutsvagira kufambira mberi maererano ne Quantum Computing.
Asi shure kwezvose, chii chinonzi quantum physics? 1q363k
Kana iwe wakasvika kure uye hausati wanzwisisa kuti sei IBM QOne inoshanda, ngatitsanangure muchidimbu kuti chii chinonzi quantum physics - hapana chikonzero chekumhanyira kune Google.
A quantum physics (kana quantum mechanics, sezvainodanwawo) ibazi refizikisi iro inodzidza zvese zviitiko zvinoitika kune atomic uye subatomic particles, ndiko kuti, inobvumira tsananguro yemaitiro uye kudyidzana kwenyaya pachiyero chakaenzana kana diki pane atomu, senge mapurotoni, maerekitironi, mafotoni uye mamwe marudzi ezvishandiso pakudziya kwakadzikira zvakanyanya, semuenzaniso.
Pano tinoona musiyano mukuru maererano ne classical fizikisi: nokuti inoshanda pamwero we-subatomic, mitemo yefizikiki yakadai semutemo wekuita uye maitiro, mutemo we inertia uye mutemo we gravity haushandiswi kune microparticles, zvichibvumira quantum physics kutsvaga tsanangudzo dzisina kumboongororwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti bazi iri rizivikanwe se "kwete intuitive", sezvo izvo zviri mumaziso efizikisi yekirasi zvingasava zvechokwadi, kubva pakuona kwehuwandu hwefizikiki hunoratidzika kuva hwechokwadi.
Asi shoko racho rinobva kupi? "quantum"? Izwi rekuti "quantum" rinobva paizwi rekuti "huwandu", iyo inofungidzirwa kune humwe huwandu hwemuviri, senge simba reelektroni riri muatomu pakuzorora. Zita quantum mechanics Inowana zita rayo kubva pashoko rekuti "quantization", inozivikanwa mufizikisi. Quantization, zvakare, inoumbwa nekushanduka kwepakarepo kwema electrons ane simba shoma kusvika kune yakakwirira, kana akapisa.
Nekuda kwekufambira mberi mukudzidza nekufamba kwenguva, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvakatora quantum mechanics seye theoretical uye yekuyedza hwaro, senge atomic fizikisi, nyukireya fizikisi, quantum chemistry, pakati pezvimwe zvakawanda.
Mhoro Quantum 58641b
A IBM inoita kuti iwanikwe pamapuratifomu enhare mutambo unonzi Mhoro Quantum. Mutambo uyu une chinangwa chekubatsira, nenzira inonakidza, vatambi kuti vanzwisise kuti quantum mechanics inoshanda sei uye zvidzidzo zvayo, senge. quantum entanglement - chiitiko apo mamorekuru anogona kudyidzana kunyangwe akaparadzaniswa nechadenga. Dhawunirodha izvozvi ku Android ou IOS.
IBM muQuantum Mode 3x5e22
Kubva 2016, iyo IBM inotaura kuti yakapinda "quantum mode", apo yakanga yatokwanisa kupa rubatsiro uye mhinduro mu quantum computing yemakambani nemayunivhesiti.
"Kana uri kushamisika kuti vangani vanhu vari kushandisa quantum makomputa, nhamba yacho yatopfuura 1000!", inodaro Sutor. Anoramba achiyeuka kuti, kuwedzera kune vaongorori kubva ku IBM uye makambani ekudyidzana, anopfuura 140 mapepa esainzi akagadzirwa kuburikidza neiyo quantum computing ecosystem.
Uye kune vaya vanobatsirwa nokutsvakurudza kwakadaro. Nekuda kwekugona kuita kwakaomarara simulations uye kuyedza kuburikidza nesoftware nekukurumidza, makambani haafanire kuenda kuburikidza nekuita kwese kugadzirwa kwekombuta yakajairika. Mune mamwe mazwi, pane nguva shoma yekutsvaga uye yakawanda mukana wekubudirira. Zvikamu zvakadai semishonga (mukugadzirira kwemishonga yezvirwere, semuenzaniso), motokari, mafuta uye magetsi, zvakatoshanduka zvikuru nekuda kwe quantum computing.
Bob Sutor anoenderera mberi achitsanangura kuti, kare, pakanga pasina imwe nzira yekushandisa komputa yequantum pakuita kuyedza nekuti bvunzo idzi dzaida yakawanda yakajairika komputa.
Mumwe muenzaniso waakapa waive wekuti komputa yakajairika kutevedzera iri nyore caffeine molecule - inobata mubinary fomu nayo chidimbu e byte -, yaizoda dhisiki ine simba rekuchengetedza regumi38 megabytes - ingangove yakaenzana negumi ichiteverwa nemazero makumi matatu. Nezvinangwa zvekuenzanisa, chiyero ichi chinomiririra 10% yehuwandu hwemamorekuru anoumba iyo pasi.
Padivi re quantum komputa, kana aya mabhinari masisitimu anoshandurwa kuita Qubit, huwandu uhu hwakaderedzwa kusvika ku160 qubits. Muchiitiko ichi, Bob Sutor yakaratidza kuti quantum processing unit inokwanisa kubata 4 Qubits yakaita sei - uye inokodzera muchanza cheruoko rwako.
Ramangwana riri muGore 5t5t4b
Kubvunzwa kuti iyi tekinoroji huru yaizounzwa sei muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, Bob Sutor zvakanga zvisinganzwisisiki. "Ramangwana riri mukushandiswa kwakasanganiswa." Anoenderera mberi achitsanangura kuti nyika haizoone quantum smartphones chero nguva munguva pfupi, asi akati wandei emabasa avo anogona kukwidziridzwa nemakomputa ehuwandu muCloud.
A IBM yanga ichivavarira kutora kuchengetedza kwegore mune imwe nguva itsva. Takaona munguva pfupi yapfuura nekuvandudzwa kwe IBM Funga 2019, semuenzaniso, kuti kambani haisi kukanganisa kana zvasvika kune nyaya. As IBM Q Network, rudzi urwu rwekugovana ruzivo rwakachengeteka uye rwakavhurika sosi inobvumira kufambira mberi kukuru mumakore anouya maererano nequantum computing. Muchokwadi, iyo kambani yeAmerica iri kugadzira imwe yakavhurika sosi nharaunda, kuitira kurerutsa kuwana kwemakambani nezvikoro.
IBM haisiriyo yega kubheja pa quantum computing 4a4f5e
Munda wechiito che quantum fizikisi iri kukura nezuva rega rega, uye, kunyangwe iyo IBM akanga ari piyona mukuparura yekutanga quantum computing system yekushandiswa kwekutengeserana, mamwe makambani ari kutevera pedyo nekugadzirisa zvirongwa zvemakore anotevera.
Google ichangobva kuzivisa kuti "ine moyo murefu" neyayo ces 2018, akati chikwata chake chaive nhanho yekutanga kuenda kune yakazara quantum komputa. A Microsoft inouya nguva pfupi mushure mekutaura nguva yekupedzisira yemakore mashanu kuti ipe quantum computing system yakabatanidzwa neAzure gore.
Sezvatinogona kuona, the IBM, pakati pemamwe makambani, inopa iyo quantum system ine hushoma huwandu mukati Qubit kupfuura mamwe makambani. Asi matangiro ekambani iyi anonakidza mukukwanisa kusanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzirisa muyuniti inogona kusiya marabhoritari ekambani. IBM - mamwe makambani haana kuita izvi.
