The 2m2k3r
Taura nezvekudziya kwepasi rose uye Mitambo yeOlympics yeTokyo Zvinogona kuita senge nyaya yakabviswa kune vakawanda, zvisinei, chii chingave chiri kukuvadza kune vatambi mumakwikwi makuru emitambo papasi kana masaisai ekupisa akakwira zvakanyanya, uye, pamusoro pezvose, chii chikonzero chedambudziko iri? 2z3b70
VaJapan vakaita Mitambo yeOlympic muna Gumiguru 1964. Panguva iyoyo, zhizha reJapan rakanga ratove risingaregi, sezvo iyi mwaka chaiwo wegore inokonzera vavakidzani vedu kune rumwe rutivi rwepasi kuti vatambure nekupisa kwakanyanya. Kupisa uku kwainge kwanyanya zvekuti zvakazoita kuti komiti iri kuronga mitambo iyi ichinje zuva remitambo iyi kuti riite Gumiguru. Saka, chii chachinja mumakore 57 apfuura?
Midzi yedambudziko 6o372t
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, Nyika yave neshanduko dzisingachinjiki nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwevanhu. Kubatanidzwa kwemaindasitiri akawandisa uye zviputi zvawo zvinoburitsa zvinosvibisa, pamwe nekukura kwehuwandu hwepasi rose uye kushandiswa zvisina kuenzana zvakanyanya pakati penyika, pamwe nekushaikwa kwekuzvipira kwemarudzi kugadzira nzira dzekuvandudza ramangwana rakasimba, ndezvimwe. yembiru kiyi pamugwagwa mukuru uyu uyo nyika inoda kugadzirwa.
Zviito izvi - kana kushaikwa kwezviito zvemusikirwo - zvinopedzisira zvave kukonzera kuwedzera kwekudziya kwepasi. Nyika inongoita nzira inozivikanwa se Greenhouse effect, izvo zvinoita kuti nharaunda ive yakachengeteka uye kuti igarwe nevanhu. Mwaranzi yezuva inosvika mumhepo yedu uye inopindirana neboka remagasi aripo muchikamu (funga nezve greenhouse) yemhepo pachayo. Kubva pakuita uku, chikamu chemwaranzi chinochengetwa uye / kana "kudzoserwa" munzvimbo uye chikamu chayo chinoenderera mberi munzira yekuenda kupasi, kwainozobatwa nepamusoro, makungwa, nezvimwe.
Ichi Greenhouse effect ine basa rekuchengetedza avhareji yetembiricha yepasi mupakati, zvisinei, kupindira kwevanhu, sekupisa kusingadzoreki kwemafuta ezvicherwa nekuda kwemabasa emaindasitiri uye kuparadzwa kwemasango nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakasvibira, zvinoita kuti pave nemagasi akawanda kupfuura anofanira kunge aripo. greenhouse iyi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Nyika inotora huwandu hwekupisa kupfuura hunobvumira maitiro echisikigo, zvichigadzira shanduko huru yemamiriro ekunze.
Naizvozvo, nzira yekudziya kwepasi, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera kweavhareji tembiricha yepasi, ndeye zvichibva mukuwedzerwa kweGreenhouse Effect. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pasi redu rinotanga kutambura nekuchinja kukuru kwemamiriro ekunze akadai semadutu makuru, madutu, kusanaya kwemvura, moto wemusikirwo wakakura, kuwedzera kwemaitiro egwenga, kunyunguduka kwemaaizi echando, izvo zvinounza kukwira kusingadzivisiki kwemvura yegungwa, zvichisiya zvikamu zvegwenga. makondinendi akanyura mumvura, achichinja zvisikwa uye kudzima marudzi nekusingaperi.
“Sipidhi iri kukwira tembiricha inotyisa. Panguva iyi, tinogona kusvika +1,5°C mumakore gumi nemashanu anotevera”
Pascal Peduzzi, Mutungamiriri, GRID Geneva, UNEP
Zvirokwazvo, toni yenjodzi yendima yekupedzisira inoita kunge yakawandisa, uye kunyangwe zvakajairika kuti Nyika ipinde munguva dzinodziya uye dzinotonhora, kudziya kwepasi nderimwe rematambudziko makuru anofanira kurwisana. Kuti izvi zviitike, mimwe misangano ine mukurumbira pakati penyika yakatoitwa, senge Stockholm Conference, muna 1972, the Kyoto Protocol, muna 1997 uye munguva pfupi yapfuura Chibvumirano cheParis, yakasainwa muna 2015 nechinangwa chekudzikamisa kuwedzera kwekushisa kwepasi kusvika pa2?°C uye izvo zvakazviwana zvarembera neshinda mushure mesarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika dzakasarudza Donald Trump mutungamiri weUnited States. Republican yakaburitsa nyika muchibvumirano muna 2017, iyo yakadzoka nekutenda kusaina kubva kuMutungamiriri weAmerica parizvino, VaJoe Biden.
Trump akanga ari mutsigiri akasimba wepfungwa yokuti kupisa kwepasi kwaiva nhema, shure kwezvose, kana zita racho "richidziya" nei tichine kutonhora kwakanyanya mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi? Kuvhiringidzika, kunyange zvazvo kungaratidzika kuva kunosetsa, kunowanzoitika kune vakawanda. Tsananguro inomira pane imwe nyonganiso huru: the musiyano pakati pemamiriro ekunze nemamiriro okunze.
Mamiriro ekunze ndiwo mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yakapihwa kwenguva pfupi, senge zuva kana vhiki. Mamiriro ekunze (Climate) zvinoreva zvinhu zvakarongwa munharaunda yakaongororwa mumakore makumi matatu apfuura. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura kuti mamiriro ekunze ekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwehinterland ari semi-yakaoma, kunyange kana, pazuva rakapiwa regore, kune mvura. Kunyanya kutonhora mune imwe nharaunda yepasi hakurevi kuti kudziya kwepasi hakupo. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti kuvepo kwayo kuchawedzera mumakumi emakore anotevera, zvichikonzera zviitiko zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya, zvingave "kunyanya kutonhora kana kupisa zvakanyanya".
“Kunaya kwemvura kwakanyanyisa kuri kuwedzera uye iyi muitiro wenguva yemberi zvakare; mvura yaifanira kunaya mumwedzi mumwe chete inonaya muzuva rimwe kana maviri.”
José Marengo, meteorologist uye climatologist kuCemaden
Uye zvakadini neJapan neTokyo Olympics? 1vb6p
Mushure menguva refu uye inodiwa tsananguro yendima yapfuura, isu tichadzokera kuJapan uye zhizha rayo. Dambudziko guru renyika paMitambo yeOlympic nderekuti avhareji yetembiricha yakawedzera ne2,8°C muzana remakore rapfuura. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwepasi pe3 ° C kungaita sekusina kukosha, zvakakwana kukonzera kuchinja kwakakosha muhutano hwevakwikwi uye veruzhinji.
Sezvo iwo achiitwa pakati paChikunguru naNyamavhuvhu, mwedzi inopisa kwazvo munyika yechitsuwa uye ichisundwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kunetseka kukuru kwevarongi yaive nzira yekupa chiitiko chinofadza kune vatori vechikamu. Nzvimbo inopisa yehunyoro inogona kukonzera zvikamu zvekupisa, kupera uye kupisa, semuenzaniso.
Tembiricha pazvitsuwa zveJapan mukati meiyi nhambo yegore inogona kusiyana pakati pe30 ne31?°C, asi hazvishamisi kuti avhareji itsva ye34?°C inotiverevedza. Mumakore achangopfuura, vagari vemo vakatambura nekupisa kwakanyanya uye kukwira kweanenge 40°C. Chinetso chinogara chiripo kwaive kuwedzera kwezvitsuwa zvekupisa muguta, kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemaguta kwakakonzerwa nekuwanda kwezvivakwa, asphalt, kongiri uye mota. Zvose izvi zvinhu zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kupisa munzvimbo dzakananga dzeguta, kuwedzera tembiricha munzvimbo huru.
Japanese zano uye ramangwana Mitambo 2p654b
Kutsiva matambudziko angangoitika, Japan yakaisa mari mukugadzira nzvimbo dzakasvibira dzakatenderedza Tokyo kuderedza kupisa. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe madzinza akagadziridzwa marongero awo kuti ape nzvimbo dzine mimvuri yakawanda, inopfuura toni yechando, mafeni mhute, mvura yakawanda uye… ice cream. Mujaho wemarathoni wakaendeswa kuguta reSapporo, nharaunda iri kuchamhembe kweTokyo, pachitsuwa cheHokkaido uye ine tembiricha yakadzikama.
Imwe yemidziyo yaive kugadzirwa kwenzvimbo yekutonhodza padenga reTokyo National Stadium. Iyo yepamusoro nzira inogadzira nzira iri nyore kupinda mubasa, inozorodza zvigaro, pamwe chete nekombiyuta inochengetedza mvura inonaya kuti ibatsire nekudiridza.
Nekudaro, kunyangwe izvi zviri zvinonakidza zviito, isu tiri kungotaura nezve palliatives uye kwete mhinduro kudambudziko. Dare reInternational Olympic Committee rakabvumidza muna Kurume 2020 kuti kubva muna 2030 Mitambo yeOlympic inofanirwa kunge iri “mamiriro ekunze akanaka”, asi muna 2024 tichava nekamwe kechirongwa kuParis Olympics. Chinangwa ndechekukudza nhaurirano dzeChibvumirano cheParis uye kuderedza kubuda kwecarbon dioxide.
Menduru yegoridhe iri kure b6k6q
Kudziya kwepasi rose hakuzodzikisirwe nesarudzo shoma kubva kuJapan kana zvirongwa zveOlympics. Menduru yegoridhe yeramangwana rakagadzikana rinoramba richipa mamiriro edzimba kuvanhu uye dzimwe mhuka nezvirimwa zvichave kushanda pamwe chete nenyika. Zvinosuruvarisa, isu hatisi pedyo nepodium.
Zvichienzaniswa, masimba makuru enyika akaita seUnited States neChina ndiwo anobudisa magasi makuru anosvibisa, neboka renyika dzinoumba European Union. Brazil, kunyange zvazvo isiri mhosva huru muchikamu ichi, inoramba ichida kuparadza Amazon Forest yose uye inoramba ichikurudzira mamiriro ekutema miti zvisiri pamutemo, ane chokuita nokutema miti uye zvikurukuru kufambira mberi kwemuganhu wekurima.
Sango, iro ragara richitsigira mukusveta carbon dioxide, rava kuburitsa magasi akawanda kupfuura zvarinogona kuchengeta. Chikonzero chinongoratidzirwa nekuparadzwa kwenzvimbo huru dzesango, izvo zvinosuruvarisa zvinotanga kuparira kudziya kwepasi.
“Brazil inofanirwa kutanga kuderedza kuburitswa kwehutsi neavhareji ye5% pagore. Nehuwandu hwekukura kwemasango, nekutemwa kwemasango kunomiririra chikamu chikuru chekubuda kweBrazil, isu hatingakwanise kusvika pachinangwa ichi muna 2021. [...] Ngatisvike kuCOP-26 (Musangano weUnited Nations weKuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze), munaNovember, nemufananidzo wakakuvadzwa, wakashata, uye kutumira shoko rinopesana nezvatinofanira kutumira kune mamwe marudzi”
Janaína Dallan, CEO weCarbonext uye nyanzvi yeUN mubvunzurudzo neGlobo
Nezveramangwana, isu tinongofanirwa kutarisira uye kutarisira kuti vatungamiriri vedu vanonzwisisa hurukuro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kwete sebasa renyika dzavo, asi sechisungo chekukurumidza. Migumisiro inokuvadza yemaitiro ekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze haisi chikamu chekurongeka kwezvinhu. Kufuratira kudziya kwepasi hakurevi kungoregeredza njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga uye kurasikirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu, asiwo kukurudzira nzira yekuuraya rudzi rwevarombo uye vakasarirwa zvakanyanya, avo vanobhadhara nekushandisa kusiri kwechokwadi kwevakapfuma.
Source: NASA, EuroNews, National Geographic, UNEP kuwedzera, CNN, Japan Times, IOCs
Onawo 452x3n
Chimwe chinyorwa chakanakisa chinotarisawo nyaya yekudziya kwepasirese tsinhiro pane chimwe chiitiko umo São Paulo yakanyora tembiricha yepamusoro munhoroondo yayo.
