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Fungidzira kutanga maitiro e in vitro fertilization (IVF) uye woona kuti kiriniki yako ine kudyidzana nayo Orchid, yekutanga tekinoroji yekubereka inopa DNA kuongororwa kwema embryos ako? Ongororo iyi inobvumidza iwe kusarudza kuti ndeipi embryo ine zvakanakira kuisirwa. hws
Kutangisa tekinoroji yekubereka, iyo inoshanda mumunda wekubatsira kubereka, nguva pfupi yadarika yakatanga zano rekuvandudza: genome sequencing yemaembryo. Zvadaro, the showmetech inopa ruzivo pamusoro pechikumbiro chekambani uye nhaurirano pamusoro pevacheche vakasarudzwa nemajini, inogadzirisa nyaya dzetsika, dzesainzi uye dzemagariro.
Chikumbiro cheOrchid 3c5v52
A Orchid nguva pfupi yadarika yakazivisa kuti iri kupa ese genome sequencing yemaembryo, nechinangwa chekupa vangangove vabereki uye vanachiremba vavo ruzivo runogona kuita kuti nhumbu dzive neutano uye dzibudirire. Kambani iyi iripo mumaguta makuru akati wandei muUnited States uye inopa nhoroondo dzehutano dzinofunga nezve 99% ye genome ye embryo.
Kugona kuverenga zvinopfuura 99% yeDNA ye "embryo's groundbreaking".
George Church, geneticist uye chemist.
Mukati mekuita, kutanga kunotevedza genome yeembryo uye kuita ongororo yekuwana misiyano ine chekuita neanodarika 1.200 monogenic disorders, inokonzereswa nekusiyana kwemajini. Pamusoro pezvo, vanoongorora njodzi yekugadzira polygenic kusagadzikana, izvo zvakanyanya kuoma kufanotaura nekuda kwemhedzisiro yemajini akawanda.
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vatsvakurudzi, vakadai Chechi, tsigira chikumbiro, vamwe vane hanya nezve Orchid uye mamwe makambani anopa mikana yengozi yezvirwere zvepolygenic kana zvisiri pachena kuti data iri rakarurama sei.
Chikamu chekunetseka kwangu ndechekuti [Orchid] yakatendeseka sei mukuyambira vabereki nezverubatsiro runogona kuitika rwemaitiro aya.
Peter Kraft, purofesa we epidemiology paHarvard.
Kunyangwe iyo yekutanga yakagovana ruzivo inosimbisa nzira inoshandiswa kuteedzera embryo genomes pane preprint server bioRXiv, hazvina kusimbiswa kuti ruzivo urwu ruchaguma nemimba ine utano kana vacheche.
Noor Siddiqui, CEO e muvambi da Orchid, anopokana nepfungwa yekuti kambani yake haifanire kupa ruzivo rwemajini iyo inokwanisa kuunganidza kune vatengi vayo.
Mashandisiro aunoita ruzivo urwu zviri kwauri, asi zvinopa kutonga kwakawanda uye kusatya kune maitiro ayo, munhoroondo yese, akasiiwa zvachose.
Noor Siddiqui, muvambi uye CEO weOrchid
Siddiqui anotaurawo kuti nzira dzinobatanidzwa mumaitirwo e Orchid zvinorondedzerwa munyaya yesayenzi isati yabudiswa. Shai Carmi, statistical geneticist da Hebrew University uye yakabatana nekambani, inotsanangura kuti maitiro ese ejenome anoita kuti zvikwanise kuona shanduko dzisina mubereki akatakura uye, nekudaro, yaisagona kuonekwa nekuongororwa kwepamuviri.
Nzira itsva yekusarudza embryo inomiririra kumwe kukanganisa kukuru kwekutevedzana kwemajini evanhu kusvika parizvino, sekusimbiswa kwazvinoitwa. George Church, purofesa zve genetics mu Harvard. Nekuvandudzwa uku, kambani inopa nzira yepamusoro yekubatsira vabereki mukusarudza ma embryos zvichienderana neruzivo rwemajini.
Vatsoropodzi vanosimudza kushushikana pamusoro pekushandisa tekinoroji iyi kusarudza maitiro chaiwo mumaembryos. Vamwe vaongorori vanopokana nekururama uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro inopihwa ne Orchid.
Nhaurirano idzi dzinoratidza kukosha kwegakava rakazara retsika nekudzora pakushandiswa kweiyi tekinoroji iri kusimukira mumunda wekubatsira kubereka. Kunyangwe vachipa zvivimbiso zvezvingango batsira, zvakakosha kuti tinyatsofunga nezvehutsika, magariro uye zvemutemo zvinobatanidzwa mukusarudzwa kwemajini emaembryo.
Kusiyana pakati peIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) uye Preimplantation (PGT) v3d6p
Kusabereka kunokanganisa 1 muvatanhatu vakaroora pasirese, zvichiita kuti vanhu vazhinji vatendeuke in vitro fertilization (IVF) seimwe nzira yekubata pamuviri. Mukuita uku, vanachiremba vanoberekesa mazai nembeu murabhoritari, zvichiita kuti pave nema "embryos" anozoendeswa kuchibereko kuti akure. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mazai nembeu inoshandiswa inobva kune vanhu vari kutsvaga kubata pamuviri, kunyange zvazvo zvipo zvakajairika.
Kunyange zvazvo IVF ichiwedzera mikana yekubudirira kune vasina mbereko, hapana vimbiso yekuti maitiro acho achaguma nekubudirira kwepamuviri. Uyezve, inzira inodhura, ine mari inogona kusvika US$12.400 muUnited States uye pakati peR$15.000 neR$20.000 muBrazil, uye kazhinji inoda macycle akawanda pamuviri pasati paitwa.
The genetic test pre-implantation (PGT) inobvumira mazai kuti aongororwe asati adyarwa muchibereko, zvichiratidza zvingangove zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko epamuviri kana kuwedzera njodzi yekusagadzikana kwemajini mumwana. Izvi zvinopa vangangove vabereki mukana wekusarudza mazai anotorwa ane hutano zvichienderana neruzivo rushoma, sezvo kutevedzana kunovhara isingasviki 1% ye genome yeembryo.
Muvambi weOrchid anoshandisa genetic tekinoroji paari 6u6pj
Pamakore 25 okuberekwa, Noor Siddiqui akatanga chirongwa chake chekurapa. Iye zvino kuti genetic yekuvandudza chigadzirwa chave kuwanikwa, ave mumwe wevatengi vayo vekutanga. Kunyange zvazvo iye nomurume wake vaine mbereko, Siddiqui akaita IVF kuStanford, zvichiita kuti vanhu 16 vapihwe zvidimbu zvidiki zvakatumirwa kurabhoritari yeOrchid.
Kusvika pari zvino, kambani ichangobva kuvhurwa ine vashandi gumi nevatanhatu, US$16 miriyoni mumari uye iripo mumakiriniki anodarika makumi mana eIVF, nezviuru zvevatengi.
Parizvino, the Orchid iri kushanda chete mumakiriniki eIVF muUnited States. Mutengo wega wega embryo wekutevedzana kwegenome iUS $2.500 mukuwedzera kune muripo wakajairwa unobhadhariswa neIVF kiriniki. Tichitendeukira kuBrazilian reais, kukosha uku kwakaenzana neR$12.667,01.
Mukuru wekutanga wetekinoroji yekubereka anosimbisa kuti kambani ine chinangwa chekudzikisa mitengo yekuburitsa genetic sezvainoenda kumberi, zvichiita kuti tekinoroji iyi iwanikwe kune vanhu vakawanda vari kutsvaga marapirwo emhando yepamusoro.
Kusarudzwa kwe embryo kunomutsa mibvunzo yetsika 333j2p
Kusarudzwa kwe embryo kunomutsa mibvunzo yakaoma yetsika. Maererano neongororo yakaitwa na Harvard University, vangangoita zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvevaAmerica vangafunga kuita IVF kuti vawane iyi fomu yekuongorora genetic, nepo zvikamu zvitatu muzvina zvichiratidza kushushikana kuti bvunzo dzakadai dzinogona kumiririra Eugenia, vachitsvaka kuvandudzwa kwemavara okugara nhaka kufanana nekwaitsigirwa nevaNazi muzana remakore rechi20.
Kushandiswa kwekuongororwa kwemajini emunhu kwave kuchiitwa zvakanyanya kwemakumi emakore. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwekuongorora majini panguva yekudyarwa pamwe chete neIVF kune nharo. Kunyangwe ichishandiswa kare kudzivirira kusarudzwa kwema embryos ane Mendelian abnormalities, kushandisa PGT kufambisa embryo gene editing hazvibvumidzwe.
Vabereki vemangwana, nekusarudza embryos pasina genetic risk, theoretically vane sarudzo yekugadzira mwana ane hungwaru hwakawanda, simba kana runako. O ACMG, zvisinei, inoyambira kuti zvibodzwa zvine chekuita nekuongororwa uku zvinogona kunge zvisiri izvo uye zvinoda maitiro ane njodzi. Kunyangwe kururamisa kwake kwakanangana nekurapa, hakupe gwara rakakwana retsika kana zvipingamupinyi zvekurapa/sainzi zvichizokundwa.
Pane zvakawanda zvinonetsa nekushandiswa kwe preimplantation genetic screening. Semuyenzaniso, data rinoshandiswa rinowanzoenderana nenhamba dzekutsvagisa, dzakadai sevachena vekuEurope, uye dzinogona kusashanda mukusiyana kwetsika pamusika. Uyezve, njodzi hadzisi dzakangoita genetic uye dzinogona kupesvedzerwa zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvisingatarisike zvekunze.
ACMG inokoka kufungisisa kubva munharaunda dzehutsika uye dzemitemo, ichiziva kuti kuongorora kwayo hakuna kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakakosha zvakasimudzwa. Kusuma tekinoroji iyi kusarudza inonzi mwana mugadziri inoonekwa seisina chokwadi nevakawanda, zvichipiwa kushaikwa kwehwaro hwemaitiro ekuona kuti ndezvipi zvine hutsika muchirevo chechinyorwa ichi.
Makambani anosimudzira masevhisi avo zvakananga kune vatengi uye anovimbisa 'advanced embryo screening' kune akasiyana mamiriro. Pane kushushikana kukuru kunoita kuti zvichemo zvakadaro zvifungidzirwe uye kuunzwa kwehunyanzvi uhu hwekusarudzwa kwe embryo zvine hunhu.
Alex Polyakov, Clinical Associate Purofesa, Faculty of Medicine paYunivhesiti yeMelbourne
Kubva pamaonero aya, makambani anopa genetic screening yeembryos zvakanangana nevatengi anosimudza zvinonetsa. Vazhinji vebioethicists vanopikisa maitiro aya, akadai Julien Savulescu, iyo yaimbokurudzira vabereki kuti vasarudze vana “vakanakisisa,” asi iye zvino inoganhurira rutsigiro rwayo kuvabereki vanoshandisa IVF nemhaka yekushaya mbereko.
Nharo pamusoro pehutsika hwekusarudzwa kwe embryo inoyeuchidza nezvechirongwa chemufirimu Gattaca, iyo inotsvaga remangwana redystopian umo Hurumende inodzora zvinhu zvehupenyu hwemagariro evanhu uye mararamiro emagetsi, zvichiita kuti pave nemhando itsva dzerusaruro uye kupatsanurwa kwevanhu kunobva pane genetic caste. Mumufirimu uyu, genetics inoratidzwa sesainzi yesimba, ichibvumira vabereki kuti vashandise majini kuti vabereke vana vane hunhu hunodiwa.
Source: Instagram, Wired, Freethink, Boston Globe, Acsh
Onawo:
Yakaongororwa na Glaucon Vital musi wa12/4/24.
