The 2m2k3r
O World Internet Day rinopembererwa nhasi, zuva Chivabvu 17. Zuva iri rakasarudzwa kukudza International Telecommunications Union (ITU) - yakagadzirwa muna Chivabvu 17, 1865 seInternational Telegraph Union - mutumbi we United Nations iyo ine basa guru mukudzora kufambiswa kwemashoko pasi rose. Kwemakore, dandemutande rakashandura nzira yatinotaurirana, kudzidza, kushanda uye kutamba, kubatanidza mabhiriyoni evanhu pasi rose nekugadzira mikana mitsva munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Asi internet yakauya sei? nf6c
Kukosha kweWorld Internet Day kunodarika kupemberera teknolojia; inoshandawo sechiyeuchidzo pamusoro pematambudziko atinosangana nawo, akadai sekubatanidzwa kwedhijitari, cybersecurity uye budiriro yese yakatevera kuzvarwa kweiyi network yekombuta yepasi rose. Zuva iri rinotikokawo kuti tifungisise pamusoro pemashandisiro atingaita internet mune ramangwana, ndeapi matanho anotevera? Zuva iri, pamusoro pezvose, mukana wekukurukura kuti tingaita sei kuti internet ive yakachengeteka uye inosanganisirwa nzvimbo yevashandisi vese, kuve nechokwadi kuti inoramba iri chishandiso chine simba chekusimudzira magariro, hupfumi uye tsika.
Nyika yakabviswa 4q4q6
Kuti tinzwisise kukosha uye kukanganisa kwe Indaneti, tinofanira kutanga tarangarira kuti nyika yakanga yakaita sei pasina kuwana Indaneti kuti titaure uye kuparadzira ruzivo. Pamberi pekubuda kweInternet, nyika yaive yakabatana nenzira dzakasiyana uye dzakaganhurirwa. Zvimiro zvekurukurirano zvakanga zvakananga zvikuru uye kazhinji kazhinji zvaitsamira pamitoo yokunyama.
Tsamba dzakanyorwa nemaoko uye dzakatumirwa dzaive imwe yenzira dzakajairika dzekutaura kure kure, kunyangwe yaive nzira inononoka kana ichienzaniswa nekukasira kutaurirana kweInternet. Uyezve, nhare, ingava yemba kana kuti inotakurika, yaishandiswa zvikuru nokuda kwekurukurirano yapakarepo, asi yakanga ichiri kuganhurirwa nokuvapo kwetambo dzenhare uye kudikanwa kwekubhadhara nguva yokushandisa.
Kuparadzirwa kweruzivo kwaivewo kwakaganhurirwa pamberi peInternet. Mapepanhau akadhindwa akanga ari manyuko makuru enhau namashoko, achiparadzirwa nguva dzose kuzivisa vanhu pamusoro pezvinoitika zvomunzvimbomo, zvenyika uye zvenyika. Nhepfenyuro neterevhizheni zvakaita basa rakakosha mukuparadzira nhau nevaraidzo, asi zvakare, nemiganhu yenzvimbo uye nharaunda. Maraibhurari aive akakosha pakutsvaga uye kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama, asi kuwana mabhuku nemagazini kwaive kunonoka uye kwakaganhurirwa zvakanyanya.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushamwaridzana kwaive kwakasiyanawo, nevanhu vachivimba zvakanyanya pamisangano ye-mu-munhu, kuungana kwevanhu, uye kutumirana tsamba kuti vagare vachibatana neshamwari nemhuri. Idzi nzira dzambotaurwa dzekutaurirana nekuparadzira ruzivo dzichine kukosha kwadzo, hongu. Nekudaro, ese aya media echinyakare akafurirwa tiguu yeInternet, kugadzirisa kupa zvinyorwa zvepaIndaneti uye kubatanidza mumapuratifomu edhijitari, zvichiratidza kuti Indaneti yakawedzera sei uye yakashandura kushanda kweiyi midhiya munzvimbo imwechete.
MuBrazil, semuenzaniso, kusati kwaita mukurumbira weinternet, nhare dzekubhadhara uye nharembozha dzakaita basa rakakosha mukutaurirana kwevanhu. Ndidzo dzakanga dziri nzira huru yekurukurirano yaiwanika kuvanhu vazhinji, zvikurukuru avo vakanga vasingakwanisi kuva nerunhare kumba. Nharembozha dzaive dzakajairika mumigwagwa uye munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, ichipa nzira inokwanisika uye iri nyore yekufona. Nekubuda nekubatanidzwa kweinternet, zvisinei, mazhinji emafoni ekubhadhara aya akanyangarika pamepu.
Manetiweki ekutanga 4e5j4v
Kubuda kweinternet kwaive mhedzisiro yemakumi emakore ekutsvagisa nekusimudzira mukutaurirana kwedata. Mutangiri wayo waive ARPANET, network yekuedza yakagadzirwa ne United States Department of Defense muna 1969, yanga iri yekutanga network kushandisa protocol T / IP, iyo yaizova hwaro hweinternet yemazuva ano.
O ARPANET yakaitwa senzira yekuvandudza kutaurirana uye kugovana ruzivo pakati pemasangano akasiyana nemayunivhesiti akabatana neDhipatimendi reDziviriro. Kufarira kwemauto muchirongwa ichi kwakafambiswa nekudiwa kwekugadzira network yakasimba uye isingagone kufambiswa, inokwanisa kuchengetedza kubatana kunyangwe pakaitika kurwiswa kwenyukireya - kunyanya kupihwa mamiriro ezvinhu. Cold War, sezvinoonekwa mu Filme Oppenheimer - kana njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga. Iyo decentralized architecture ye ARPANET, yakavakirwa paT/IP protocol, yaive yakakosha kuchinangwa ichi, sezvo yaibvumira network kuti irambe ichishanda kunyangwe chikamu chayo chakakuvadzwa.
Uyezve, United States Department of Defense yakaona ARPANET senzira yekusimudzira hunyanzvi uye tsvagiridzo mukutaurirana kwedata. Mari nekutsigira kuvandudzwa kwe ARPANET zvaizobvumira United States kuti irambe iri pamberi peruzivo rwekufambiswa kwemashoko, rwaionekwa sechinhu chakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwenyika nekukwikwidzana kwepasi rose. Saka, the ARPANET yakanga iri imwe yemanetiweki ekutanga kushandisa matekinoroji akakosha pakuvandudzwa kweinternet, ichisiya nhaka inogara yakaumba nzira yatinotaurirana nekudyidzana muzera redhijitari.
Nekudaro, aya ekutanga internet network aive mashoma kana achienzaniswa neinternet yanhasi. Ivo vainyanya kuumbwa nemayunivhesiti, nzvimbo dzekutsvagisa uye masangano ehurumende, uye kutaurirana kwainyanya kuitwa kuburikidza nemavara. Vashandisi vaigona kubatana kune aya network kuburikidza nehombe komputa terminals.
Tim Berners-Lee, baba ve internet 3o576q
Tim Berners-Lee, akaberekwa June 8, 1955 muLondon, England, anozivikanwa sababa World Wide Web. Muna 1989, achishanda kuCERN, iyo European Laboratory yeParticle Physics, Berners-Lee akakurudzira hypertext-based information management system kubatsira kuchinjanisa ruzivo pakati pevaongorori. Akagadzira HTML (Hypertext Markup Mutauro), iyo HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) uye yekutanga bhurawuza kugadzira peji rewebhu rekutanga muna 1990, kutanga shanduko yeinternet.
Chiono chaBerners-Lee chaive chekugadzira dandemutande rakavhurika, uko ruzivo rwaigona kugovaniswa zvakasununguka uye kuwanikwa nemunhu wese. Muna 1991, akaita kuti browser uye web server source code iwanikwe mahara, zvichibvumira vamwe kuti vabatsire mukusimudzira webhu. Iyi nzira yekubatana nekugovana ruzivo yakave yakakosha mukukura nekukurumidza uye kutorwa kwewebhu pasi rose.
Muna 1994, Berners-Lee akatanga Consortium World Wide Web (W3C) pa with, nechinangwa chekutarisa uye kuenzanisa kuvandudzwa kwewebhu. Anoenderera mberi ari munhu ane mukurumbira achikurudzira kusarerekera kwazvakarerekera uye kuwana ruzivo rwakaenzana. Berners-Lee akagamuchira mibairo yakawanda uye kukudzwa nekuda kwezvipo zvake kune tekinoroji, kusanganisira Mubairo weTuring muna 2016, unowanzoonekwa se "Nobel of computing." Kugadzirwa kwake kwe World Wide Web yakashandura nzira yatinodyidzana nayo uye kuwana ruzivo, kuumba nguva yedhijitari yatinogara mairi.
Tim Berners-Lee anozivikanwa sababa veinternet kunyanya pakugadzira iyo World Wide Web, ndiwo mabatiro anoita vanhu vazhinji nekudyidzana neinternet mazuvano. Kunyange zvazvo Berners-Lee achizivikanwa zvakanyanya sechinhu chepakati mukuvandudzwa kweinternet, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kune mamwe mazita akakosha akabatsirawo pakusikwa kwayo nekushanduka-shanduka.
Pakati pavo ndiVint Cerf naBob Kahn, vakagadzira T/IP, iyo yakakosha protocol inobvumira kutaurirana pakati pemakomputa mune akabatana network, uye inova hwaro hweinternet yemazuva ano. Rimwe zita rakakosha ndiMarc Andreessen, munyori pamwe chete webrowser waMosesi, yaive imwe yemabhurawuza ekutanga kuita mukurumbira wewebhu pakati peruzhinji. Aya nemamwe mapiyona emakomputa uye tekinoroji akaita mabasa akakosha mukuvandudzwa kweinternet, rimwe nerimwe richipa mazano uye hutsva hwakabatsira kuumba nyika yedhijitari yatiri kurarama mairi nhasi.
Kubuda kwedandemutande repasi rose 2e6m1h
Dandemutande repasi rose, kana dandemutande, inzira yepasi rose yemakombuta akabatana anoshandisa T/IP communication protocol kubatanidza mabhiriyoni emidziyo pasi rose. Kwemakore, internet yakashanduka uye yakakura nekukurumidza, ichibatanidza vanhu, makambani nehurumende pasi rese uye kuita chishandiso chakakosha muhupenyu hwazvino.
A World Wide Web (WWW), chikamu cheinternet, chakashandura nzira iyo vanhu vanodyidzana nayo uye kuwana ruzivo. Iko kuunganidzwa kwemagwaro akabatana uye zvimwe zviwanikwa, zvakabatanidzwa ne hyperlink uye URLs. WWW akaberekwa naTim Berners-Lee muna 1989, achishanda kuCERN, uye pfungwa yake yaiva yekugadzira hurongwa huchabvumira vatsvakurudzi kugovana ruzivo nyore nyore.
Kubuda kwe WWW yakabvumira internet kuti ive chishandiso chinogona kuwanikwa nevanhuwo zvavo. Nekugadzirwa kwebrowser senge waMosesi, Netscape Navigator e Internet Explorer, kuwana dandemutande kwave nyore uye kunokwezva. Izvi zvakakonzera kukura kwakanyanya kweinternet, nemamiriyoni emawebhusaiti ari kugadzirwa pasi rese. A WWW yakawedzerawo kuvandudzwa kweinternet-tekinoroji nemasevhisi, senge injini dzekutsvaga, masocial network uye e-commerce.
Kusvika muBrazil 5w5o46
Kusvika kweinternet muBrazil chaive chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yenyika yekutaurirana uye tekinoroji. Yekutanga internet yekubatanidza muBrazil yakaitika muna 1988, mu Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), kuburikidza nesetiraiti. Nekudaro, iyo internet yakangove yakakurumbira munyika muma1990s, nekuvhurwa kwekutengesa uye nekugadzirwa kwevanopa internet.
Muna 1991, yekutanga T / IP yekubatanidza yakasimbiswa muBrazil, pakati FAPESP (São Paulo State Research Foundation) uye uStanford University, muUnited States. Izvi zvakagonesa kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvinodiwa mukuwedzera kweinternet munyika. Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, mayunivhesiti akati wandei uye masangano ekutsvagisa akatanga kubatana neinternet, zvichisimudzira kusimudzira network muBrazil.
Kufarirwa kweinternet muBrazil kwakaitika zvakanyanya muhafu yechipiri ye1990s, nekubuda kwevatengesi veinternet. Makambani akadai Twitter, Terra e Globo.com vaive vamwe vevaparuri mukupa masevhisi ekuwana internet kune veruzhinji. Dial-up yekupinda ndiyo yaive yakajairika nzira yekubatanidza internet panguva iyoyo, uye kumhanya kwekubatanidza kwaive kushoma kana zvichienzaniswa nemazuva ano.
Kwemakore, iyo internet zvivakwa muBrazil yakagadzira uye nekuvandudzwa, nekuunzwa kwehunyanzvi hwakadai seBroadband uye fiber optics. Nhasi, Brazil ine imwe yehuwandu hukuru hwevashandisi veinternet pasi rose, uye internet ine basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwevanhu, mumakambani uye munharaunda yese.
Kukanganisa kweinternet munharaunda q5f55
Indaneti yakakanganisa zvakanyanya nzanga, ichishandura zvakanyanya mararamiro atinoita, kupindirana uye kushanda. Chimwe chezvainyanya kukonzeresa yaive pakutaurirana, zvichiita kuti ive nekukasika uye kuwanikwa. Nekubuda kweemail, masocial network uye mameseji mameseji, vanhu vanogona kutaurirana munguva chaiyo, kwete chete neshamwari nemhuri, asiwo nevanhu pasi rese, vachisimudzira kubatana kwepasirese.
Uyezve, iyo internet yakachinja zvakanyanya nzira yatinoshandisa nayo ruzivo uye varaidzo. Kare, taingogumira kune zvechinyakare zvenhau zvakaita semapepanhau, magazini, redhiyo uye terevhizheni. Nhasi, tinokwanisa kuwana huwandu husingafungidzirwe hwezvinyorwa zvepamhepo, zvinosanganisira nhau, mavhidhiyo, mimhanzi, mafirimu, akatevedzana uye mabhuku, ayo atinokwanisa kuwana chero nguva uye chero kupi, tichichinja nzira yatinozivisa nekuzvivaraidza isu pachedu.
Indaneti yakashandurawo nyika yebasa, kugadzira mikana mitsva uye mhando dzebhizinesi. Kushanda kure kure kwave kuwanda, kubvumidza vanhu kushanda kubva kumba kana kupi zvako munyika, zvichipa kuchinjika uye basa-hupenyu hwepakati. Pamusoro pezvo, dandemutande rakagonesa kubuda kwemhando nyowani dzebasa, senge freelancing uye bhizimusi redhijitari, kusimudzira hupfumi nekugadzira mabasa.
Indaneti yakavewo nekukanganisa kukuru muhupfumi, kugadzira maindasitiri matsva nekushandura mamwe. E-commerce yave chikamu chakakosha chekutengesa, ichibvumira vanhu kutenga zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi online nekukurumidza uye zviri nyore. Makambani makuru etekinoroji akadai Google, Facebook, Amazon uye Netflix, yakabuda ikava hofori dzepasi rose, kutsanangura patsva mamiriro ebhizinesi nehupfumi pasi rose, uye kuratidza kuti internet inogona sei kuva chishandiso chine simba chekuvandudza uye kukura kwehupfumi.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kuwedzera kwemusika uye e-commerce painternet kwakashandura mamiriro ekutengeserana kwepasirese. Kushanduka uku kwakabvumira makambani emhando dzese kusvika kune vatengi pasi rese, achipa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi kungobaya chete. A Amazon muenzaniso unocherechedzwa webudiriro iyi, watanga sechitoro chiri nyore pamhepo uye wakawedzera kuita hofori yekutengesa, kutengesa zvese kubva kune zvemagetsi kuenda kune zvemazuva ese. Iyo kambani yakagadziridza neyayo mutengi-centric maitiro, zvinhu zvinoshanda uye tekinoroji yepamusoro, kushandura ruzivo rwekutenga online uye kuseta mitsva mitsva yeindasitiri.
Sezvakangoita Amazon yakashandurwa e-commerce, Netflix yakaratidza shanduko mumusika wekutepfenyura internet. Pakutanga kambani yekurojesa DVD-ne-mail, Netflix nekukurumidza kuchinjirwa kune shanduko yetekinoroji uye tsika dzevatengi, ichitanga sevhisi yayo yekufambisa muna 2007. Netflix haina kungoita kuti varaidzo ive nyore kuwana, asi yakashandurawo mashandisiro atinoita midhiya nekusimudzira kuona zvakanyanya uye kugadzira zvemhando yepamusoro zvemukati zvemukati. Kugona kwayo kutarisira mafambiro uye kuisa mari mune yayo zvigadzirwa yakabatanidza basa rayo rehutungamiriri muchikamu chekufambisa, ichikurudzira mamwe makambani kuti atevedze tsoka dzayo.
Nguva dzisingakanganwiki 10214k
Indaneti yakagadzirwa nechinangwa chekuve network yakasimba uye yakadzikama yekutaurirana, inokwanisa kuramba kukundikana uye kurwiswa, uye kufambisa kugovaniswa kweruzivo pakati pezvidzidzo nemasangano ekutsvagisa. Dzimwe nguva dzakakosha munhoroondo yeinternet, senge kusikwa kwedomasi .com mu1985, iyo yakabvumira kutengeserana uye kukurumbira kweinternet, uye kubuda kwe Google muna 1998, iyo yakashandura nzira yatinotsvaka nayo ruzivo paIndaneti, inoratidza kuti dandemutande rakagadzirwa sei kuti rive chishandiso chine simba chekukurukurirana, kushandira pamwe nekuvandudza, chinokwanisa kubatanidza vanhu nekushandura nzanga.
Mosaic kutanga 3r4y1d
Kutanga kwe waMosesi muna 1993 yaive nguva isingakanganwike munhoroondo yeinternet, sezvo yakaratidza kutanga kwenguva yemabhurawuza emazuva ano. Yakagadzirwa nechikwata chinotungamirwa naMarc Andreessen kuNational Center yeSupercomputing Application (NCSA), iyo waMosesi yaive yekutanga bhurawuza kusanganisa maficha akadai semagiraidhi, manyorerwo akarongwa, uye hyperlink kuita iri nyore kushandisa interface. Izvi zvakaita kuti kubhurawuza padandemutande kuwedzere kuoneka uye kuwanikwe kune veruzhinji, zvichibatsira zvakanyanya mukuzivikanwa kweinternet.
O waMosesi Yaivewo hunyanzvi pakuti yaive yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi software, zvaireva kuti chero munhu aigona kudhawunirodha nekuishandisa pasina muripo. Izvi zvakabatsira gutsaruzhinji kuwana internet, zvichiita kuti iwanikwe nevanhu nemasangano pasi rese. Uyezve, the waMosesi yakanga iri imwe yezvishandiso zvekutanga kutsigira inline mufananidzo kuratidza, izvo zvakagonesa kusikwa kwemapeji ewebhu akapfuma, anoyevedza, achigadzira nzira yekuvandudzwa kwewebhu mune ramangwana.
Kubudirira kwe waMosesi yakakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemamwe mabhurawuza ewebhu, akadai Netscape Navigator and the Internet Explorer, izvo zvakaramba zvichishanduka uye kuvandudza ruzivo rwekutsvaga pawebhu. Nhaka ye waMosesi inogona kuonekwa mumabhurawuza emazuva ano, ayo anoramba ari chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwepamhepo, achibvumira vanhu kuwana ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana uye masevhisi nyore uye nekukurumidza.
Kuvhurwa kweGoogle i2vq
Kutanga kwe Google muna 1998 chaive chiitiko chekuchinja munhoroondo yeinternet, sezvo yakaunza chiyero chitsva chekutsvaga kwepamhepo uye sangano reruzivo. Yakatangwa naLarry Page naSergey Brin, vadzidzi vaviri vechiremba paStanford University, Google yakabuda nechinangwa chekuronga huwandu hukuru hweruzivo rwunowanikwa pawebhu uye kuita kuti iwanikwe uye ibatsire munhu wese.
Imwe yehukuru hutsva hwe Google yakanga iri PageRank algorithm, yakagadziridzwa nePeji neBrin, iyo inoronga mibairo yekutsvaga zvichienderana nekukoshera kwemapeji pane zvabvunzwa nemushandisi. Izvi zvakapa mhinduro dzechokwadi uye dzinobatsira dzekutsvaga kupfuura injini dzekutsvaga dzaivepo panguva iyoyo, kutanga Google senzvimbo huru yekutsvaga pawebhu.
Kubudirira kwe Google Iyo zvakare yaitungamirwa neyayo minimalist maitiro uye kutarisa kune mushandisi ruzivo. Peji reGoogle rakapfava uye rinoshanda rakakurumidza kuita chiratidzo, richiratidza huzivi hwekambani hwekupa vashandisi izvo zvavari kutsvaga nekukurumidza uye zviri nyore. Google yakaramba ichigadzira uye kuwedzera kusvika kwayo, kuunza masevhisi senge Gmail, Google Mepu, YouTube uye Android, izvo zvave zvakakosha pamashandisiro atinoita internet uye kutaurirana nhasi.
Emergence ye dot com (dot com) 475j1i
Kubuda kweiyo .com domain mu1985 yaive chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yeinternet, sezvo yakaunza domain name system yakabvumira makambani ekutengesa kuti aonekwe pawebhu. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, madomasi akakamurwa kuita zvikwata zvichienderana nechinangwa chawo, sekuti .gov yehurumende uye .edu yemasangano edzidzo. Nekuunzwa kwe .com, makambani akakwanisa kumisikidza kuvepo kwepamhepo kwakasiyana kwaiwanikwa kune veruzhinji.
Iyo dot com boom, inozivikanwawo se "dot-com bubble", yakanga iri nguva yekufungidzira uye kudyara mune tekinoroji uye makambani einternet muma1990s. kana mabikirwo anowirirana.
Social network 6u1l6n
Kuzivikanwa kwemasocial network chaive chiitiko chinoshamisa munhoroondo yeinternet, kuchinja matauriro anoita vanhu, kugovana ruzivo nekudyidzana online. O Orkut, yakatangwa muna 2004, yaiva imwe yenzvimbo dzokutanga dzesocial network kuwana mukurumbira, kunyanya muBrazil neIndia, ichipa vashandisi mukana wekubatana neshamwari uye kugovana zvaunofarira munharaunda dzepamhepo.
O Twitter (ikozvino inozivikanwa se X), yakatangwa muna 2006, yakaunza pfungwa ye microblogging, ichibvumira vashandisi kugovana pfungwa uye zvipfupi zvigadziriso munguva chaiyo. Nekusimbisa kwayo kwekukurumidzira uye chaiyo-nguva yekuparadzira ruzivo, Twitter yave nzvimbo yakakosha yenhau uye hurukuro yeruzhinji.
O Facebook, yakatangwa muna 2004, yakashandura social media nekupa chikuva chakazara chekubatanidza vanhu, kugovera zvirimo uye kutaurirana neshamwari nemhuri. Nezvimiro zvakaita seyako maprofiles, nhau feed uye mapoka, Facebook rave nzvimbo huru yesocial network pasi rose, ine mabhiriyoni evashandisi vanoshanda pasi rese.
O Instagram, yakatangwa muna 2010, yakaunza nzira yakasarudzika yekugovana mafoto nemavhidhiyo, ichibvumira vashandisi kutora uye kugovera nguva kubva kuhupenyu hwavo nenzira inoratidzika inoratidzika. Nezvimiro zvakaita semafirita emifananidzo uye nyaya, Instagram yave imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa pasocial network, kunyanya pakati pevechidiki nevanopesvedzera madhijitari. Aya masocial network akachinja nzira yatinobatanidza nekugovana ruzivo, ikava chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu vazhinji pasi rese.
Kusvika kwema smartphones 2n4f6h
Kuuya kwema smartphones ane mukana weinternet chaive chiitiko cheshanduko munzira iyo vanhu vanowana nekudyidzana newebhu. Nekutanga kwe iPhone muna 2007, zvichiteverwa nenhevedzano yemidziyo Android, nharembozha dzave nzira huru iyo vanhu vazhinji vanopinda nayo internet. Midziyo iyi inosanganisa nhare, kamera, web browser uye maapplication kuita mudziyo mumwe chete unotakurika, zvichiita kuti vanhu vakwanise kuwana internet chero kupi uye chero nguva.
Kufarirwa kwema smartphones kwakonzera shanduko yakakura mukushandisa zvemukati zvekushandisa. Vanhu vari kuwedzera kushandisa mafoni avo kuti vasvike pasocial media, kuona mavhidhiyo, kuverenga nhau, kutenga uye kuita akasiyana ezvimwe zviitiko zvepamhepo. Izvi zvakatungamira mukuvandudzwa kweakazvitsaurira nharembozha, iyo inopa nhare-yakagadziridzwa chiitiko uye kuwedzera kuwedzera mikana yekudyidzana online.
Email kugadzira 1h3y3j
Kugadzirwa kweemail kwakaratidza shanduko yakakosha munhoroondo yekukurukurirana kwedhijitari. Yakagadzirwa naRay Tomlinson muna 1971, email kekutanga yakabvumira mameseji emagetsi kutumirwa pakati pemakomputa akabatana kune network. Tomlinson, injiniya pa Bolt Beranek naNewman (BBN), kambani yakaita kondirakiti neUnited States Department of Defense kuti igadzire ARPANET, yakasarudza chiratidzo che "@" kuparadzanisa zita remushandisi kubva kuzita remuchina, kumisa mwero wemakero eemail atichiri kushandisa nhasi.
Yekutanga email yakatumirwa naTomlinson yaive meseji yakapfava, isina zvakawanda zvazvinoreva, bvunzo chete. Akanyora chimwe chinhu se "QWERTYUIOP" kutarisa maitiro ehurongwa. Zvisinei, kuedza kwokutanga uku kwakagadzirira nzira yechinjo munzira yokukurukura nayo vanhu. Pamberi peemail, kutaurirana kwemagetsi kwakaganhurirwa kune mameseji madiki akatsinhaniswa mukati mehurongwa humwe, asi email yakaputsa zvipingamupinyi izvi, zvichibvumira kutaurirana pakati pehurongwa hwakasiyana uye, pakupedzisira, pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi.
Nekuuya kweindaneti yekutengesa muma90s, email yakakurumidza kuve chishandiso chakakosha chese kushandiswa kwemunhu nehunyanzvi. Makambani akatanga kutora email senzira yavo yekutanga yekutaurirana mukati nekunze, uye vanhu vakatenda kuve nyore kutumira mameseji nekukurumidza kushamwari nemhuri. Mapuratifomu maviri eemail, kunyanya, akatamba mabasa akakosha mukukurudzira email:
mataridzikiro 1e2q5z
Yakatangwa na Microsoft sechikamu che Microsoft Office muna 1997, mataridzikiro (pakutanga yainzi Microsoft Exchange Client) yakakurumidza kuita email mutengi wesarudzo kumabhizinesi. O mataridzikiro haina kungopa mushandisi-inoshamwaridzika interface yekutumira uye kugamuchira maemail, asi yakabatanidza karenda, rondedzero yekuonana, uye mabasa, ichiiita chishandiso chine simba chekushanda kwebasa. Kufarirwa kwe mataridzikiro yakabatsira kusimbisa email semusana wekutaurirana kwekambani.
Gmail 566s5w
Muna 2004, iyo Google akatanga Gmail, iyo yakashandura misika yemahara yeemail nerupo rwayo rwekuchengetedza uye intuitive web-based interface. Pamberi pe Gmail, emahara email masevhisi akapihwa mashoma kuchengetedza, asi iyo Google yakaita 1 GB yenzvimbo iripo, mari yakawanda panguva iyoyo. Uyezve, iyo yekutsvaga system Gmail yaita kuti zvive nyore kuronga nekutsvaga maemail, ukuwo hurongwa hwayo hwekutaura (treads) hwakaisa mumapoka mameseji ane hukama, zvichiita kuti email manejimendi ishande. Iyo innovation ye Gmail yakabatsira kuwedzera kushandiswa kweemail, ichikwezva mamirioni evashandisi pasi rese.
Kutenderera kwakasimba 214z44
Shanduko yedhijitari yakaunza shanduko yakakosha pamashandisiro atinoita zvemukati, uye boom mukutepfenyura masevhisi ndeimwe yeshanduko dzinonyanya kukanganisa nguva ino. Mumakore achangopfuura, kutepfenyura yave nzira yekutanga yekuwana varaidzo, inodarika mafomati echinyakare senge tambo terevhizheni, redhiyo uye yemuviri midhiya. Mienzaniso miviri yakakurumbira yechiitiko ichi ndeye Netflix and the Spotify, iyo yakatsanangura zvakare kugoverwa kwemafirimu, nhepfenyuro uye mimhanzi pasi rose.
Kubudirira kwe Netflix Zvinobva Spotify haina kungo shandura maindasitiri avo, asi zvakare yakapesvedzera kusikwa kwemamwe asingaverengeki mamwe masevhisi ekutepfenyura munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, senge. Amazon Prime Vhidhiyo, Disney+, Apple Music uye Deezer. Aya masevhisi anopa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemukati kubva kumafirimu uye akatevedzana kusvika kuzvinyorwa, podcasts uye mabhuku ekuteerera, achiitira zvinonaka uye zvinofarirwa nevateereri vepasirese vari kuramba vachiwedzera.
Kunaka kwekuwana huwandu hwakakura hwezvinhu zvinodikanwa, zvakasanganiswa neanodhura ekunyorera modhi, zvakakonzera kutenderera kuve iyo yekutanga nzira yekushandisa midhiya. Uyezve, mukana wekuwana zvirimo pamidziyo yakawanda - kubva kumafoni kusvika kune smart TV - yakawedzera kuwedzera kupinda kwemasevhisi ekutepfenyura muhupenyu hwemazuva ese hwevanhu.
Whatsapp uye mameseji mameseji 645y49
Mumakore achangopfuura, mameseji ekutumira mameseji akaumba nzira yatinotaurirana, ikava maturusi akakosha ekutaurirana kwemazuva ese. Pakati pezvikumbiro izvi se Wechat, Teregiramu uye Facebook Messengerkana WhatsApp inomira pachena seimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika. Kubva payakatangwa, the WhatsApp, pamwe chete nemamwe mameseji mameseji, yakashandura kutaurirana kwemunhu uye nehunyanzvi, ichipa kumhanya, kureruka uye akasiyana maficha.
Kubuda kweWhatsApp j2p3q
O WhatsApp yakavambwa muna 2009 naJan Koum naBrian Acton, vaimbova vashandi ve Yahoo!. Pfungwa yeki kweapp yaive nyore: gadzira chikuva chinokutendera kuti utumire mameseji mahara, uchishandisa internet yekubatanidza. Zita rekuti "WhatsApp" ishoko rekuti "Chii?", zvichireva kuti "Chii?" muchirungu.
Kubva pakutanga, the WhatsApp yakazvisiyanisa nekureruka kwayo uye kushanda kwayo. Pakutanga, yaingobvumira kutumira mameseji, asi yakakurumidza kushanduka kusanganisira kutumira mafoto, mavhidhiyo, maaudios, zvinyorwa uye kunyange nzvimbo yemushandisi. Chengetedzo yaivewo yakakosha, uye muna 2016, WhatsApp yakaisa encryption yekupedzisira-kusvika-kumagumo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti vanotumira uye vanogamuchira chete ndivo vaigona kuverenga mameseji akachinjana.
Online vhidhiyo mapuratifomu 3271z
Kusimuka kwemapuratifomu evhidhiyo epamhepo kwakashandura nzira yatinoshandisa uye kugovera zvinyorwa zvinonzwika. Pakati pemapuratifomu aya, iyo YouTube anomira pachena semupiyona uye mutungamiri akazara, achivandudza kuwana mavhidhiyo uye demokrasi kugadzira zvemukati.
Kubudirira kweYouTube 4f1a2y
Yakatangwa muna 2005 naSteve Chen, Chad Hurley naJawed Karim, YouTube vakauya nechikumbiro chekufambisa kugovaniswa kwemavhidhiyo painternet. Panguva iyo kugadzirwa uye kugoverwa kwemavhidhiyo epamhepo kwaive kwakaoma uye kuchidhura, iyo YouTube yakarerutsa maitiro aya, ichibvumira chero munhu kurodha uye kugovera mavhidhiyo avo zviri nyore. Vhidhiyo yekutanga yakatumirwa papuratifomu, "Ini pazoo", yakaratidza kutanga kwenguva itsva yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa.
O YouTube Yakakurumidza kuita mukurumbira, ichikwezva mamirioni evashandisi vachitsvaga yemahara uye inokwanisika chikuva chekuona nekugovana mavhidhiyo. Muna 2006, the Google akawana the YouTube ye1,65 bhiriyoni emadhora, mari yakaratidza kuva yechiratidzo, kubatanidza iyo YouTube sechikuva chevhidhiyo chinotungamira pasi rose.
E-commerce 3g231r
Kutengeserana kwemagetsi, kana e-commerce, kwasandura nzira yatinotenga nekutengesa nayo zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi, zvichipa kurerukira, akasiyana uye kuwanikwa. Panguva iyo Amazon inomira seimwe yemapuratifomu makuru e-commerce pasirese, kune akasiyana mamwe makambani anoita mabasa akakosha mune iyi mamiriro.
- Alibaba: Yakavambwa naJack Ma muna 1999, Alibaba ihofori ye e-commerce yakavakirwa kuChina. Inozivikanwa neAlibaba.com uye AliExpress mapuratifomu, kambani inobatanidza vatengi nevatengesi pasi rese, ichipa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa pamitengo yemakwikwi.
- EBay: Imwe yekutanga online auction mapuratifomu, eBay inobvumira vanhu uye mabhizinesi kutengesa akasiyana siyana ezvigadzirwa zvitsva uye zvakashandiswa. Nekutengesa kwayo uye kutenga-iko-ikozvino maitiro, eBay yave sarudzo yakakurumbira kune vatengi vari kutsvaga madhiri ega.
- Walmart: Retail hofori yeWalmart yakawedzera kuvepo kwayo kuita e-commerce neWalmart.com. Inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa, Walmart inokwirisa network yayo yezvitoro zvenyama kuti ipe nekukurumidza uye nyore sarudzo dzekutumira.
- Musika wakasununguka: Imwe yemapuratifomu makuru e-commerce muLatin America, Mercado Livre inopa zvakasiyana siyana zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi, kusanganisira musika wepamhepo, kubhadhara kwemagetsi uye mabasa ekugadzirisa zvinhu.
- Shopify: Kupfuura nzvimbo yekutengesa yepamhepo, Shopify inobvumira vatengesi kuti vagadzire zvitoro zvavo zvepamhepo zviri nyore, vachipa akasiyana maficha uye masanganiswa kubatsira kubata uye kukura bhizinesi ravo.
Ramangwana 2p91n
Remangwana reinternet rinovimbisa kuve rakatonyanya kubatanidzwa uye kuve kwese muhupenyu hwedu, nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kubva paInternet yezvinhu (IoT) kusvika kune chaiyo uye yakawedzerwa chokwadi. IoT, semuenzaniso, inobvumira zvinhu zvemazuva ese kuti zvibatanidzwe neinternet, zvichipa kurerukirwa kukuru uye kushanda zvakanaka mudzimba dzedu, kumabasa nemaguta. Virtual uye augmented real ine mukana wekushandura nzira yatinodyidzana nayo nenyika yedhijitari, ichipa inonyudza uye inonakidza zviitiko.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kufadza zveramangwana re internet ndeye boom in Artificial Intelligence (AIs). MaAI ari kuramba achioma uye achikwanisa kuita mabasa akaomarara aimbove akasarirwa nevanhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvese kubva kune chaiwo vabatsiri senge Siri and the Alexa, kune zvekurapa diagnostic systems uye motokari dzinozvityaira. Kufambira mberi kweAI kunovimbisa kushandura zvikamu zvakati wandei, zvakaita sehutano, zvekufambisa, dzidzo nezvimwe zvakawanda, kuita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve hwakachengeteka, hunoshanda uye hunobudirira.
Uyezve, ramangwana re internet richaunzawo matambudziko, akadai sekudiwa kwekuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa uye kuvanzika kwe data revashandisi, pamwe nekubata nenyaya dzetsika dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kweAI. Nekudaro, nekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva uye marongero akakodzera, zvinokwanisika kugadzira ramangwana apo internet inoramba iri chishandiso chine simba chekubatanidza vanhu, kusimudzira hunyanzvi uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwepasirese.
Happy internet zuva!
Onawo:
Source: USG, Britannica e Vedantu.
Yakaongororwa na Glaucon Vital musi wa17/5/24.
