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Zviuru zvevadzidzi vekuBrazil vanopinda chikoro vasingazive kuti sarudzo yega yega yepamhepo, kushandiswa kwekushandisa, uye kutumira meseji kunogona kunge kuri kutariswa. Iwe mitambo e playful apps tekinoroji yedzidzo inobatsira nedata rinoumba chimiro chemudzidzi. Kushungurudzwa nemakambani anoshambadzira vana nevechiri kuyaruka kunotangira kushambadziro dzenharembozha kuenda kumeseji yemunhu uye kunotyora GDPR (General Data Protection Law).
Kuwana maturusi aya kunotemerwa kuti ndiani anofanirwa kuchengetedza vadzidzi, the hurumende, kuburikidza nemadhipatimendi ayo edzidzo. “Pane imwezve njodzi kana tichitaura nezvenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji uye data collect neaya masisitimu, inova chinhu chikuru, saka hatisi kutaura nezvematambudziko ega asi nezve mapuratifomu makuru edzidzo, ane vateereri vezviuru kana mamirioni avanhu, data rakakosha kwazvo ”, anodaro Tel Amiel, purofesa paFaculty of Education paYunivhesiti. yeBrasília uye Murongi weUNESCO EaD Chair kuUnB.
O "Vadzidzi, kwete Zvigadzirwa" inoshuma ("Vadzidzi, Kwete Zvigadzirwa") kubva kusangano rinokurudzira kodzero Dzevanhu International Human Rights Watch yakave nemhedzisiro muna 2022 Brasil achinongedza matekinoroji mapuratifomu ano purofiti kubva kune data revadzidzi. Zvishandiso zvakatengwa uye zvinoshandiswa muzvikoro zvehurumende zveBrazil nehurumende. Chidzidzo chacho chakanongedzera kuSão Paulo Education Media Center platforms, kubva kuSão Paulo State Department of Education; Kudzidza Kumba, kubva kuHurumende Dhipatimendi reDzidzo reMinas Gerais; Descomplica, Dragon Dzidza, Escola Mais, Explicaê, Manga High, Stoodi neRevista Enem, zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa nezvikoro zvehurumende pamusoro pekurudziro yemamaneja nevadzidzisi.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zviviri neCGI (Brazilian Internet Steering Committee), yakatangwa mukati september e november 2022, uuye nemufananidzo wakajeka weiyo kuongorora kuvadzidzi. A platformization yezvikoro, bato rakatanga panguva yedenda, izita rakapihwa tsika yezvikoro yekuwedzera kutsvaga mapuratifomu e Big Techs seGoogle, Apple uye edtech (dzidzo uye tekinoroji) makambani ekugovera zvese zvevadzidzi zvidzidzo, zviitiko uye nezvimwe.
Mumwe wemienzaniso mikuru yemaitiro aya yaive chikamu chesarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika dza2022. Kushandiswa kwe Grapho Game, mutambo wedzidzo wekuverenga nekunyora, wakaunzwa sechigadzikiso chedzidzo yeBrazil, iyo yakaunza maitiro akati wandei. Pamushumo uyu, takabata nyanzvi nemakambani ane hukama nemusika weedtech kuti tinzwisise zvishoma nezve puratifomu yedzidzo, pamusoro pekushandisa iyo LAI (Kuwana Ruzivo Mutemo) kutsvaga kwakananga.
Grapho Game uye platformization neGoogle 69d
O Grapho Game mutambo wakagadzirwa muFinland mumamiriro ekutsvaga neurolinguistics. “Yakagadzirirwa vana dyslexic uye kwete nechinangwa che kuverenga general”, anodaro Nelson Pretto, purofesa paFederal University yeBahia (UFBA). Yakagadziridzwa kuBrazil nePUC-RS, yakaunzwa kuMEC naaive purofesa paInsCer (Brain Institute), Augusto Buchweitz, nyanzvi mukusimudzirwa kwevana uye chipangamazano kuCNE (MEC's National Education Council). Buchweitz parizvino purofesa wepfungwa paYunivhesiti yeConnecticut.
Kushandisa Grapho Game kunoda kurodha faira yekuisa. Kana yangoiswa pa Android, iOS nharembozha kana Windows PC, hazvidi kunyoreswa. "Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru sezvo zvisingaunganidze data kubva kuvadzidzi", anodaro Aline Fay, purofesa paChikoro cheHumanities paPUCRS, neurolinguist uye muongorori kuInsCer. Nekudaro, tichifunga kuti 80,5% yemusika wenharembozha muBrazil ndeye Android (StatCounter), magadzirirwo mazhinji anoshandisa akaundi yeGoogle. Iyi haisi, zvisinei, nzira yakagamuchirwa nePUC-RS pachayo. “Tinoshandisa mapiritsi eAndroid muzvikoro zvatakaongorora, nawo maakaundi asingazivikanwe vadzidzi uye vanodzoserwa kuyunivhesiti uye data yakaunganidzwa inobviswa pazvinenge zvakakodzera,” anodaro Aline Fay.
Nekushandiswa kweGrapho Game muBrazil, MEC yakataura kuti, mumakore 2020 kusvika 2022, R $ 1.746.505,69 yezvishandiso zvekushambadzira zveveruzhinji. Mari yakabhadharwa kuPUC-RS kuita kuti application iwanikwe muna 2021 yaive R $ 100.500,00; uye muna 2022, R$ 174.000,00. Iyo data akawanikwa kuburikidza neLAI (Access to Information Law). Mune chimwe chikumbiro maererano nekutenga kweMEC pasi pehurumende yevaimbove gurukota VaMilton Ribeiro, pane mari inobhadharwa pamwedzi kuBrazilian Education Union, ine chekuita neGrapho Game.
O kutarisira yePUC-RS vaongorori havana kushandura mukushandiswa kwakapararira kwechikumbiro escala yemitambo yemavhidhiyo neMEC. Mugakava remutungamiri wenyika yesarudzo dza2022, Jair Bolsonaro akatotaura kuti chikumbiro ichi chinogona kudzidzisa mwana kuverenga nekunyora pasina rubatsiro purofesa munguva yakanyorwa yemwedzi mitanhatu. Kune mudzidzisi Aline Fay, "zvakakosha kuvimba nemudzidzisi uyo ari mumwe wako yemudzidzi parwendo rwekudzidza”. Priscila Cruz, anobva kuTodos pela Educação, aitaura nezvekushandiswa kwemahara kwechikumbiro chekudzidza kuverenga: “inzira isiriyo, dzisiri dzesainzi".
Nyika nhatu dzeEuropean Union dzakatorambidza kushandiswa kweBig Tech maturusi mukirasi. A United States, kuburikidza neBazi rezvedzidzo, inokurudzirwa munaNovember kuti Google Workspace uye kunyange zvishandiso zvemahara zveMicrosoft Office 365 hazvifanirwe kushandiswa muzvikoro. Kunetsekana kuri kutevedzera European GDPR (General Data Protection Law). A Alemanha zvakare yakarambidza kushandiswa kweMicrosoft Office 365 munaGunyana nezvirevo zvakafanana. A Denmark, muna Chikunguru, yakanga yatorambidza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvose zveGoogle, zvakadai seWorkspace uye Chromebooks, muzvikoro.
Stoodi uye kushandiswa kwe keyloggers uye yakakosha kugadzirisa yeMedia Center 17484
Dambudziko guru rekushandisa mitambo nemapuratifomu edzidzo kusakwanisa kwehurumende nevadzidzisi kunyatsonzwisisa zvinogona kuitika nekuunganidzwa kwedata revadzidzi. “Njodzi idzi dzinobva kutyora zvakavanzika yevadzidzi, vadzidzisi uye kunyange nhengo dzemhuri, dzinofumurwa kana makamera ekirasi yevhidhiyo achitora kuvanzika kwevanhu kumba. Undergo nyaya dzetsika zvakakosha kusvika pakutengesa uye kuendesa data revanhu ava kune vechitatu mapato nekuda kwekutengesa uye kunyange kutariswa zvisina tsarukano", akadaro Marielza Oliveira anobva kuUNESCO pakuvhurwa kwechidzidzo chekutanga cheCGI.
Munyaya chaiyo ye Stoodi, mushumo weHuman Rights Watch wakaratidza kushandiswa kwe keylogger (keylogger), tekinoroji inorekodha data yese yakanyorwa nemushandisi paserura uye inoendesa kune portal yekambani yekushambadzira yepamhepo. Priscila Gonsales, anobva kuInstituto Educadigital, murongi wezvidzidzo zveCGI, anoratidzawo customization kubva kuSão Paulo Media Center. "Zvinyorwa izvi zvinobva kukambani yeIPTV, kuburikidza neIPTV Chikoro chepuratifomu, uye chete iyo logo yakagadziridzwa kuita yeMedia Center”, anodaro muongorori.
Mumiriri weMEC aripo pagakava rekutanga kudzidza, André Castro, anoona kuti Big Tech mhinduro dziri pese-pese misika yedzidzo uye tekinoroji, "makwikwi emusika ne State Hazvina kunaka,” anodaro. “MEC parizvino iri kufunga zano rekuti dzidzo digital kutaurirana nevatambi vakasiyana ”, anowedzera.
Kana zvasvika kune zvigadzirwa zvekudzidzisa zve vana uye vechidiki, MEC inoziva kuti panoda kutarisirwa zvakanyanya, “panyaya yedare repamusoro soro reruzhinji urwu, nedzidziso GDPR inotobata iyi data zvakasiyana, zvichibva pakuti vashandisi ava vachabatana sei nemhinduro ”, anodaro Castro. "Mwana haana pfungwa kana nzwisiso yekuti data rake riri kushandiswa", anowedzera nyanzvi. "Paunenge uine mhinduro dzinozobatana nevana, iwe unofanirwa kuve nebasa rakasiyana pane iyo interface", anopedzisa.
Kutarisirwa kwakakosha kubva pakukura kusvika pakusarudza mitambo yekudzidzisa 6l6r52
Sarudzo ye mitambo yekudzidzisa inofanirwa kuve yakakomberedzwa nehanya, kubva pakukura kusvika pakusarudza kwayo, "iwe unofanirwa kuvaziva, uye senge chero application, ziva zviri ki kwavo, ndeapi data ravanounganidza", anodaro purofesa uye mugadziri Francisco Tupy. Munyori we "Norte para a Ciência", purofesa anokurudzira mitambo senzira yekusimudzira dzidzo, kunyanya nekusvika 5G.
"KuBrazil, tinosangana nemutambo kudzidzisa yevadzidzisi kushandisa mitambo nemamaneja echikoro zvikoro Vanofanirawo kuziva zvavari, vanofanira kuverenga nezvenyaya iyi, sezvakangoita vabereki vavo,” anodaro Tupy. Semugadziri, Tupy anoti zvakakosha kuve nechiratidzo tsika Pakuvaka mutambo, "Ndakagadzira chigadzirwa chakanangana nevadzidzi vanoda kutora chikamu mumapurojekiti esainzi uye zvaive zvakakosha kuivaka kuitira kuti isatore data kubva kuvadzidzi".
Ethical maitiro ari pamusoro pamazita esarudzo dze masangano, sekutsanangurwa kwazvinoitwa naAna Paula Gaspar, nyanzvi mune tekinoroji yedzidzo yakatotora chikamu kuongorora yezvikumbiro zveCIEB (Center for Innovation for Brazilian Education), sangano risingabatsiri rinoshanda naro dzidzo yeruzhinji Brazilian. O chirongwa, yakaitwa muna 2019, ine chinangwa chekutungamira mamaneja emunyori kuti Kutenga kwakanaka uye aive nekudyidzana neFederal University yeAlagoas (UFAL) kumisikidza maitiro ekuongorora.
"Pakati pema edtechs anodarika zana akanyoresa papuratifomu yeCIEB, vapfumbamwe chete ndivo vakapfuura sieve yevaongorori,” anodaro Gaspar. "A kuchengeteka yedata revadzidzi yaive imwe yemaitiro", anoyeuka kudaro. Pavapfumbamwe vakatenderwa, imwe chete yaive yekutanga panguva iyoyo. "Kunetseka nedata chinhu chinodiwa nemutemo uye vazhinji vanotanga edtech vanozvarwa vasina kufunga nezvazvo", inodaro nyanzvi. “Mamaneja nevadzidzisi vanofanira kutsvaga mareferensi matekiniki ekutsigira sarudzo yako yetekinoroji yekirasi, kune akati wandei zvinyorwa inotungamira munzira iyi ”, anowedzera.
"Zvinokurumidza kutaura nezve LGPD (General Data Protection Law) nemitambo mukati chikoro, sezvo chikoro chisina kuparadzaniswa ne nzanga, kufambira mberi kwemitambo nenzira yakabatana kwatovepo uye mambure nevadzidzisi vanofanira kuzvipira, funga nezvebasa ravo mukuita uku", anodaro Gabriel Maia Salgado, murongi weprojekiti kuInstituto Alana. Sangano mapped kukura kwekushandiswa kwemichina kuchikoro panguva ye Denda.
"Zvakakosha kutarisa kuranga kumitambo, zvakasiyana. Tinoda kuona, senzanga, kuti tingazvipira sei kune kushandiswa kwakanakisisa zvinogoneka,” anodaro Salgado. "Pane chinhu chakakosha: kuzvipira kubva kuvakuru vehurumende kunodiwa kuve mutsigiri uye mutongi wekushandiswa kwemidziyo yedhijitari nemhuri nemakambani, uyezve, zvinokwanisika kutarisa kusikwa kwemitambo inokurudzira. kuzvidzora, kusanganisira kukurudzira vana nevachiri kuyaruka kuti simudza mitambo yavo,” anotsanangura kudaro.
Kufunga nezvemitambo uye mapuratifomu ekuvaraidza semidziyo yekuunganidza chinhu chinopesana zvachose nechimiro chemitambo, sapurofesa ane doctorate mukugadzira nemitambo yekudzidzisa, Paula Carolei, anotsanangura. "Zvakakosha kufunga nezve izvo zvatinoshandisa zvedu data, kana vakashandiswa kudzora mudzidzi, izvi zvakaipa kwazvo”, anodaro. “Mutambo uyu ndewekukanganisa, kuyedza, kwete kuita zvikanganiso kana kuenzanisa migumisiro, iyo data inofanira kudzokera kumudzidzi sezvo izvi zvinovandudza sarudzo dzavo uye mazano”, anowedzera kudaro. "Tinofanira kukunda pfungwa iyi, iyo inoita kuti mitambo ive chinhu chakanyanya kuita senge Grapho Game, uye kune kunyange mitambo muzvikoro zvehurumende inoita kuti vanhu vaone zviziviso, kunyangwe kubva kuhurumende, kuhwina mibairo", anopikisa.
Aihwa BIG Mutambo (Games Independentes Brasileiros), kune kutsvaga kwevamiriri kubva kumadhumeni nenyika vanoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezvedzidzo nemitambo, anodaro purofesa Jean Rafael Tomceac, uyo anopindawo muhurongwa hwenzvimbo chaiyo mu evento 5 years ago. “Ichokwadi, dare reparamende ALSP muna 2021 nyaya yacho yakakurukurwa, sezvakangoitwa Grapho Game yakakurukurwa munzeve yeruzhinji, uye zvakaratidzwa nevadzidzisi nevagadziri varipo kuti mutambo uyu hauna mamiriro eBrazil”, anodaro Tomceac.
Um mapping zvevacancies edtechs (makambani edzidzo uye tekinoroji) yakaratidza kuti makambani haana kugadzirira kuhaya nyanzvi dzinoshanda nedata uye dzidzo. Caio Dib, chipangamazano wetekinoroji yedzidzo, nguva nenguva inoburitsa vacancies paLinkedin (yakatosvika kupfuura zviuru gumi) uye yakaita mepu inodarika zana nemakumi masere. vacancies uye nyanzvi dzinowanikwa muBrazil yose. Imwe chete yevacancies yaive ine chekuita nedata uye zvakavanzika uye yaive kosi yekubatanidza chinzvimbo.
“O mutambo mudzidzo kwagara kuine dambudziko rekuva chimwe chinhu chinotonhorera, zvizhinji zvacho zvinofinha,” anodaro Caio. “Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikoro zvakawanda nevadzidzisi vasarudze mitambo yekutengeserana yakadai se Minecraft”, anodaro. “Tine matekinoroji akati wandei atisingatarise pakuvanzika uye tinogara tichishandisa kuchikoro, seWhatsApp, unofanirwa kuve nharo pamusoro pazvo,” anowedzera kudaro.
“Isu tinoda chaizvo shanduko. mafungiro maererano nemitambo,” anodaro purofesa Paula Carolei. “Chii chatengeswa kuti mutambo iri pedyo zvakanyanya miedzo mitambo inodyidzana uye ongororo, kana mumitambo yekutengeserana paine mikana yakawanda", anotsanangura kudaro. "Kuongorora dingindira, kufumura zvinongedzo, kunogona kuve mutambo mukuru wedzidzo uye kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekugadzira chinhu chakadai", anodaro mudzidzisi. Hapana neimwe yenzira idzi, zvisinei, inofanira kusanganisira data collect zvakanyanyisa. "Zvese nekuda kwezera reruzhinji, the GDPR inotoona kuti haifanirwe kunangwa, sekushaikwa kwemvumo yekuunganidza uye mukana wekusarudza kusatora chikamu, itsika yakaipa kwazvo inofanirwa kusiiwa ”, anodaro Tel Amiel, purofesa kuUnB.
Source:
- Mhan'ara Vadzidzi, kwete Zvigadzirwa
- Kudzidza Dzidzo mune mamiriro eplatformization uye data data: matambudziko uye pfungwa
- Kudzidza Dzidzo mune mamiriro eplatformization uye data data: kudyidzana uye asymmetries
*Iyi ajenda yakaverengerwa mu4th Education Journalism Notice, chirongwa chakaitwa naJeduca (Sangano reVatori venhau Vedzidzo) mukubatana naItaú Social.
