Bluetooth: nzwisisa shanduro uye kusiyana kwavo f5l18

Kubatana MAKARALI USB, imwe yembiru dzekukurukurirana kusina wire pakati pemichina, yava chikamu chinokosha chehupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ano. Kubva pakuvambwa kwayo kwekutanga kusvika pakushanduka kwayo kwazvino, nhoroondo yetekinoroji iyi chiratidzo chezvitsva zvakaumba nyika yedu yakabatana. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora rwendo rwemhando iyi yekubatanidza, kubva payakatanga kusvika kune yakawanda misiyano yakabuda mumakore apfuura. 2u2b3y

Bluetooth yakauya sei? 2z6s61

Iyo tekinoroji, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupfupi-renji isina waya yekukurukurirana pakati pemidziyo, ine inonakidza mavambo uye nhoroondo inodzokera kumashure kwekupera kwezana ramakore rechi20. Kubudirira kwe MAKARALI USB yaifambiswa nekudiwa kuri kukura kwekurerutsa nekuvandudza kubatanidza kusina waya pakati pemidziyo yemagetsi yakadai senharembozha, mahedhifoni, maprinta, keyboards nezvimwe.

Zita rokuti Bluetooth rine midzi munhoroondo yeNorse. Harald “Bluetooth” Gormsson, mambo weViking weDenmark womuzana ramakore rechi 1997, aizivikanwa zvikuru nokubatanidza madzinza noumambo hweScandinavia, kungofanana nemichina inobatanidza michina yemagetsi. Iri zita rakasarudzwa muna XNUMX nevakatanga tekinoroji Jim Kardach nevamwe vake pakambani yenharembozha. Ericsson, sezita rekodhi reprojekiti.

Kuvandudzwa kwekutanga kwemhando iyi yekubatanidza kwakatanga muma90, apo Ericsson yakatanga tsvakurudzo yekugadzira imwe nzira isina waya kune tambo dzaishandiswa kubatanidza zvishandiso zvakadai semahedhifoni, nharembozha uye makomputa. Vakanga vachitsvaga mhinduro yaive yakaderera mutengo, inopedza simba shoma uye yaikwanisa kubatanidza mhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo.

Iyo tekinoroji yakavakirwa papfupi-renji isina waya kutaurirana uchishandisa masaisai eredhiyo. Iyo tsanangudzo yakapedzwa muna 1999 na Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), sangano raisanganisira makambani akadai Nokia, Nokia, IBM uye Toshiba. Yekutanga yepamutemo vhezheni yeBluetooth, inonzi 1.0, yakaburitswa mugore rimwe chete.

Bluetooth munguva pfupi yakava chiyero chepasirese chepfupi-renji isina waya yekutaurirana, ichibvumira zvishandiso kuti zvibatane zvinobudirira uye nekukurumidza. Nekufamba kwenguva, yakashanduka kuti ipe kukurumidza kufambisa data, huwandu hwakakura uye kushanda nesimba kwesimba. Nhasi, chikamu chakakosha chezvakawanda zvehupenyu hwedu, kubva kumidziyo inotakurika senge wireless mahedhifoni uye. smartwatches, kune maindasitiri uye zvehutano zvikumbiro.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeBluetooth 4m502v

Munguva yenhoroondo yetekinoroji, matambudziko makuru uye matambudziko enguva yega yega aikonzeresa kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji nguva dzose, uye hazvina kusiyana kana zvasvika pakubatana zvisina waya, seBluetooth. Tevere, tichadzidza zvishoma nezve imwe neimwe yeiyi vhezheni yetekinoroji yakabuda uye kuti ndezvipi zvitsva zvavakaunza.

Bluetooth 1.0: Nhanho yekutanga 1k412o

Mukutanga 2000s, isina waya yekubatanidza yakatanga kuve chinhu chinodiwa munyika yetekinoroji. Waya dzekubatanidza midziyo kumakomputa uye kune mumwe nemumwe dzakanga dzichiwedzera kusagadzikana uye kudzikisira. Makanga muri munyaya iyi kuti MAKARALI USB yakabuda uye, nekufamba kwenguva, shanduro itsva dzeiyi tekinoroji dzakagadziridzwa kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana nematambudziko ayo mamiriro enguva yega yega anopihwa vashandisi.

Zvimiro zveBluetooth 1.0 4r1k3c

Shanduro yekutanga, inozivikanwa se MAKARALI USB 1.0, yakaunza nhevedzano yezvimiro zvakagadzira nzira yewireless yekubatanidza shanduko:

• Personal connection: 1.0 yakabvumira michina kutaurirana iri chinhambwe chinosvika 10 metres, yaive yakanakira nzvimbo dzemunhu senge mahofisi nedzimba.
• Data transfer rate: Yekutanga vhezheni yaive nedanho rekuchinjisa data rinenge 1 Mbps, iyo panguva iyoyo yaive yakakwana kune akawanda maapplication akadai sediki faira rekufambisa uye waya isina waya yekubatanidza.
• Simple Pairing: 1.0 yakaunza pfungwa yekubatanidza kana kubatanidza, kuita kubatana pakati pemidziyo nyore uye nyore. Vashandisi vaigona kubatanidza zvishandiso nekungodzvanya zvishoma.
• Basic security: Chengetedzo mu1.0 yaive yekunetsa kubva pakutanga, nekuunzwa kwechokwadi chechokwadi uye encryption kuchengetedza kutaurirana.

Zvikumbiro zvekutanga 16332j

Zvikumbiro zvekutanga zvaive zvakakosha kuti igamuchirwe uye izivikanwe:

• Mahedhifoni asina waya: Mahedhifoni eBluetooth ave mapiyona mukubvisa waya dzinorema. Vashandisi vaigona kuteerera mimhanzi uye kufona pasina kudiwa kwetambo.
• Peripheral devices: Bluetooth-based wireless keyboards uye mbeva zvabuda, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwekubatana kwemuviri kumakomputa.
• Data synchronization: Iyo nyowani yekubatanidza mhando inobvumira kuwiriranisa data pakati penhare mbozha nemakomputa, kurerutsa kutumira kwevanobatika, makarenda uye mafaera.

Kuganhurirwa uye kudiwa kwekushanduka-shanduka 1g2w8

Pasinei nehunyanzvi hwayo, 1.0 yakapawo zvimwe zvipimo zvaida kukundwa. Mukuru pakati pavo yaive yekumhanyisa data, iyo yakava bhodhoro sezvo faira uye midhiya yekufambisa zvinoda kuwedzera. Pamusoro pezvo, hupenyu hwebhatiri pamidziyo yeBluetooth hwaive huchiri kunetsa kukunda.

Izvi zvipingamupinyi zvakafambisa kuvandudzwa kweshanduro itsva, zvichiratidza kutanga kwekushanduka kwetekinoroji iyo yaizoramba ichichinja nzira yatinosangana nayo nekudyidzana nemidziyo uye masisitimu muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.

Bluetooth 2.0 uye 3.0: Nyika iri kuwedzera isina waya 6v1s4g

Sezvo zvinodiwa zvekubatanidza zvisina waya zvakawedzera uye zvipimo zveBluetooth 1.0 zvakava pachena, iyo Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) yakanangana nekuedza kwayo pakugadzira shanduro dzinotevera dzinokunda miganhu iyi. Mavhezheni 2.0 uye 3.0 akamiririra kusvetuka kwakakosha mukushanduka kwehunyanzvi uhu.

Makaralı 2.0: kt1a

• Higher data transfer speed: 2.0 yakaunza yakanyanya kukurumidza kufambisa data, inosvika 3 Mbps. Izvi zvakagonesa kukurumidza kuchinjisa faira uye kutsigirwa kune yakawanda data-yakanyanya maapplication.

• Yakavandudzwa Nyore Pairing: Ne 2.0, maitiro ekubatanidza akave akarerutswa zvakatowedzera, zvichiita kuti kubatanidza pakati pezvishandiso kuve zvakanyanya mushandisi-ane hushamwari.

• Kuvandudzwa kwezwi: 2.0 yakavandudza kunaka kwekufona kwezwi pamidziyo yakadai semahedhifoni uye masisitimu emutauri, ichipa ruzivo rwakajeka rwekutaurirana.

Makaralı 3.0: 613t1k

• Bluetooth 3.0 + HS (Kumhanya Kwepamusoro): 3.0 yakaunza hunyanzvi hutsva, High-Speed ​​​​(HS) tekinoroji, iyo yakabvumira kunyange nekukurumidza kufambisa faira. Tekinoroji yeHS yakashandisa chinongedzo cheWi-Fi kufambisa data nekumhanya kwakanyanya, nepo Bluetooth yechinyakare yakaramba ichishandiswa kune yakaderera-simba mabasa.
• Kugarisana neWi-Fi: Iyi vhezheni yakagadzirisa dambudziko rekugara pamwe chete neWi-Fi network, ichideredza kukanganiswa kunogona kuitika uye kuve nekuona kugadzikana kwekubatana ruzivo, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzine mawaya akawanda asina waya.

Innovative applications 1g4s5d

Uku kuvandudzwa kweBluetooth kwakapa kune akati wandei maapplication matsva:

• Yepamusoro-yemhando yekuteerera audio: Nekugona kufambisa data nekukurumidza, 2.0 yakagonesa kuvandudzwa kwemahedhifoni uye maodhiyo masisitimu ayo aipa emhando yepamusoro kutepfenyura, ichive yakakurumbira neaudiophiles uye vanofarira mimhanzi.

• Kubatanidza nharembozha nemakomputa: 2.0's inokurumidza kufambisa data kugona yakagonesa nekukurumidza uye nekuita kuwiriranisa kwemafoni uye mahwendefa ane makomputa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubata vanobatika, mafoto uye mafaera.

• Makiibhodhi epamusoro nemakonzo: Ne 2.0 yakauya yakawedzera isina waya kiyibhodhi uye mbeva dzakakodzera kushandiswa nehunyanzvi uye kugadzira.

Kuenderera mberi kushanduka 6t626f

Shanduko ye2.0 uye 3.0 yakaunza nguva iyo tekinoroji isina waya yakakurumidza, inoshanda zvakanyanya, uye inogoneka. Kuburitswa uku kwakaisa hwaro hwezvitsva zveramangwana izvo zvaizoramba zvichiumba nzira yatinosangana nayo nekudyidzana nemidziyo kutenderera pasirese. Kuvandudzwa kwekutamisa data, kubatanidza kuri nyore uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando yeodhiyo zvave zvinhu zvakakosha zvakafambisa kukura kwekugamuchirwa kweBluetooth pane dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa nemidziyo.

Bluetooth 4.0 uye 4.1: BLE uye Internet yezvinhu 3p5w56

Nekuwedzera kuri kuita nharembozha uye kudiwa kwekubatana kwenguva refu, Bluetooth yakave neshanduko nyowani mushanduro 4.0 uye 4.1, ichiunza kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mukushanda kwesimba, kuvhura mikova yekukura kweInternet yezvinhu (IoT) ndokutanga. kushanda kuburikidza nepfungwa yeBLE.

Bluetooth 4.0: Kushanda kwesimba 6m2m3c

• Bluetooth Yakadzika Simba (BLE): 4.0 yakaunza pfungwa ye Bluetooth Yakadzika Simba (BLE), inozivikanwawo se Makaralı Smart, iyo yaibvumira michina kushanda nesimba rakakura zvikuru. Izvi zvaive zvakakosha kumidziyo yaida kushanda pamabhatiri madiki, senge maIoT sensors nemidziyo inopfeka.

• Kubatana kwenguva refu: Kushanda kwesimba kwe4.0 kwakagonesa kubatana kwenguva refu, nemidziyo inokwanisa kushanda kwemwedzi kana makore pabhatiri rimwe chete. Izvi zvaive zvakakosha kumidziyo yekutarisa hutano, yekutevera chiitiko uye masensa ezvakatipoteredza.

Bluetooth 4.1: Kuwedzeredza Kwekubatanidza 154j4z

• Interoperability kunatsiridza: Shanduro 4.1 yakaunza kuvandudzwa kwekudyidzana pakati pemidziyo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubatana uye kutaurirana pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yeBluetooth.

• Dual connection switching: 4.1 yakaunza kugona kushandura pakati pezvibatanidza zviviri panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvaibatsira kune zvishandiso zvaida kubatanidza kune maviri accessories, senge mahedhifoni uye smart wachi, panguva imwe chete.

Internet yezvinhu (IoT) application 5l1s2v

• Utano uye hutano sensors: 4.0 uye 4.1 yakaita basa rinokosha mukuvandudzwa kwehutano uye hutano sensors, zvichiita kuti kuenderera mberi kwekuongorora kwedheta yakadai seyero yemwoyo, mazinga eglucose uye hutano hwekurara.

• Zvishandiso zvinopfekeka: Zvishandiso zvinopfekwa senge smart wachi uye mabhendi ekuita zvakatora mukana we4.0's simba rekushandisa kupa chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa mashandiro pasina kukanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri.

• Dzimba Dzakangwara: Mavhezheni 4.0 uye 4.1 akaita kuti zvikwanise kubatanidza midziyo yemumba senge thermostats, marambi uye midziyo, zvichiita kuti kure kure uye otomatiki zvigoneke.

Impact uye nhaka mumusika wehunyanzvi 2n5b1u

Kushanda kwesimba kwe4.0 uye 4.1 kwaita basa rakakosha mukukura kweInternet yezvinhu (IoT) uye kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo yakangwara. Idzi shanduro dzakaisa hwaro hwekugadzira yakaderera-simba, yakakwirira-inoshanda yekubatanidza ecosystem iyo yakashandura nzira yatinodyidzana nayo nenyika yakatitenderedza, ichiita kuti ive nehungwaru, yakabatana uye nyore. Nekuwedzera kwekutora matekinoroji aya, Bluetooth yakaramba ichishanduka uye ichienderana nekukura kuri kuita nzanga yemazuva ano.

Bluetooth 4.2 uye 5.0: Yakawanda siyana uye yakawanda kumhanya 5j1p4g

Sezvo tambo yekubatanidza isina waya yave kutekeshera muhupenyu hwedu, Bluetooth yakapinda chimwe chikamu cheshanduko mushanduro 4.2 uye 5.0, ichiunza kuvandudzwa kwakakura mumhando, kumhanya kwekufambisa data, uye mhando yekubatanidza.

Bluetooth 4.2: Kuwedzera Kumhanya uye Kuchengetedza 274k4j

• Kuwedzera kumhanya: Vhezheni 4.2 yakaunza kukurumidza kufambisa data, zvichiita kuti kugovane faira uye kutepfenyura zvemukati semimhanzi nemavhidhiyo zvakanyanya kushanda.

• Kuchengeteka kukuru: Nekutarisa nezve chengetedzo, 4.2 yakavandudza kuvanzika uye encryption maficha, zvichiita kuti maBluetooth ekubatanidza achengetedzeke uye akadzivirirwa pakutyisidzira.

Bluetooth 5.0: Yakakura Range uye Kutamisa Kumhanyisa 351z52

• Kusvika kukuru: Imwe yeanonyanya kuoneka shanduko mu5.0 yaive kuwedzera kwehuwandu. Tekinoroji yakabvumira chinhambwe chinosvika makumi mana emamita pakati pemidziyo, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication munzvimbo dzakakura.

• Kunyanya kumhanya: 5.0 yakatora kukurumidza kwekufambisa data kusvika ku2 Mbps, ichipa ruzivo rwakakurumidza uye rwakanyanya, kunyanya kune zvishandiso zvinoda kutenderera kwepamusoro.

• High kutendeka audio: Iine 5.0, rutsigiro rwepamusoro-ruvimbiko odhiyo (High-Fidelity Audio) yave yakajairika, ichipa ruzivo rwepamusoro pane mahedhifoni asina waya uye vatauri.

Advanced Applications izd

• Virtual Reality (VR) uye Augmented Reality (AR): 5.0's inokurumidza kutamisa data uye yakakura bandwidth yakagonesa kufambira mberi kwakakosha mune chaiyo uye yakawedzerwa chokwadi, kuvandudza inonyudza ruzivo muVR uye AR mitambo uye maapplication.

• Zvishandiso zvemhando yepamusoro zvekuteerera: Mahedhifoni asina waya uye vatauri vakatora mukana weiyo 5.0's inokwidziridzwa kugona kuendesa emhando yepamusoro audio rivaling wired connections.

Kubatana neramangwana 49571t

Mavhezheni 4.2 uye 5.0 anomiririra nhanho yekumberi mukukwanisa kweBluetooth kutsigira akasiyana emhando yepamusoro michina uye maapplication. Yakavandudzwa yekumhanyisa data uye yakawedzera huwandu yakavhura mikana mitsva yeasina waya tekinoroji munzvimbo dzakaita sevaraidzo, mitambo yemitambo uye kutaurirana. Iine 5.0, Bluetooth yakaramba ichiita basa rakakosha mumabatiro atinoita nemidziyo yedu uye kufambira mberi matekinoroji ari kusimukira, kumisa nhanho yekubatana kwepamberi mune ramangwana.

Bluetooth 5.1 kusvika 5.4: iyo State of the Art uye ramangwana maonero 6vd4f

Mavhezheni 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 uye 5.4 aimiririra chikamu chemberi chemhindumupindu, ichiunza maficha akavandudza kurongeka kwenzvimbo, kubatana uye kuchengetedzeka, zvichiita kuti Bluetooth ive yakawanda uye inoshanda mune dzakasiyana siyana. Nekuda kukuru kwekubatanidza, kune zvinowanzoitika zvinogadziridzwa zvine zvidiki zvinowedzera kuti ugare uchichengeta tekinoroji yakagadzirira tekinoroji yazvino pamusika.

Bluetooth 5.1: Kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo 4e2tg

• Signal tracking: Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zve5.1 kwaiva kuiswa kwechiratidzo chekutevera, zvichibvumira zvigadziro kuti zvione nzvimbo yeumwe neumwe nepamusoro-soro. Izvi zvakavhura mikova yezvikumbiro senge indoor navigation, asset tracking uye indoor nzvimbo.

• Mag direction: 5.1 yakabvumirawo zvishandiso kuona kwainobva chiratidzo, kuvandudza kutarisisa kwemudziyo uye kugona kunanga.

Bluetooth 5.2: Kuwedzeredza Kwekubatanidza 3j4639

• Kuvandudzwa kwekubatana uye kudyidzana: 5.2 yakaunza kumwe kuvandudzwa kwekubatana nekudyidzana, kuve nechokwadi chekubatana kwakavimbika uye kwakagadzikana pakati pemidziyo yeBluetooth.

• Kugarisana kwakavandudzwa neWi-Fi: Sezvo maWi-Fi network airamba achiwedzera, 5.2 yakawedzera kugadzirisa kugarisana nemanetiweki aya, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvinoshanda zvakabatana munzvimbo dzinokanganisa.

Bluetooth 5.3: Kuvandudzwa kweInternet yezvinhu 6j2l1b

• Dziviriro yakavandudzwa: Ne5.3, mudziyo unogona ikozvino kuseta iyo shoma cryptographic kiyi saizi inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzwa kwakachengeteka kwekubatanidza.
• Yakavandudzwa kuenderana: .

Bluetooth 5.4: Kunyanya kuvimbika 2i5l1j

• Kutanga kwePAwR: Ichi chitsva chinodaidzwa kuti Periodic Advertising with Response, chinogadzira data rinoratidza kuwanikwa kwemudziyo wekubatanidza mumapaketi anotumirwa nguva nenguva kuti ape kuvimbika kukuru kwekubatanidza.
• ESL Kuenderana: 5.4 inotsigira matekinoroji akadai seESL (Electronic Shelf Label), iyo inosanganisira mavara emagetsi anoshandiswa pamasherufu. Naizvozvo, mudziyo mumwe chete unogona kuendesa mitengo kuma tag emagetsi ari mumikoto yesupamaketi uye panguva imwe chete kugamuchira ruzivo kubva kwavari, senge ruzivo nezve zvigadzirwa zvinoda kudzoserwa.

Ndeipi yakanakisa vhezheni yeBluetooth? 2943s

Mushure mezvose zvakaratidzwa muzvikamu zvakapfuura, zviri nyore kuona kuti yakanakisa vhezheni yeBluetooth ichagara iri iyo yakabuda nguva pfupi yadarika, kureva, parizvino Bluetooth 5.4. Remangwana retekinoroji riri kuvimbisa, uye sezvo shanduro nyowani dzakaita seBluetooth 5.4 dzichiramba dzichivandudza kubatana, kushanda nesimba uye kuchengetedzeka uku uchiwedzera maficha matsva, Bluetooth yakamira zvakanaka kuita basa repakati mukusimudzira tekinoroji.

Zvinhu	MAKARALI USB 1	MAKARALI USB 2	MAKARALI USB 3	MAKARALI USB 4	MAKARALI USB 5
Kusunungurwa	1999	2004	2009	2010	2016
Speed	732,2 kb/s kusvika ku1 Mbps	2.1 Mbps	24 Mbps	1 Mbps (BLE) 25 Mbps	2 Mbps (BLE) 50 Mbps
Kusvikira	10 mamita	30 mamita	30 mamita	60 mamita	240 mamita
Compatibility	-	Zvakanaka kune chero foni, asi tarisira zvinogoneka zvinonzwika zvinonzwika	Ok chero foni	Yakanakira chero foni, asi yakanakira modhi ine yakafanana Bluetooth vhezheni	Yakanakira chero foni, asi yakanakira mhando dzemafoni matsva
Simba Rinodiwa	Alto	Alto	Alto	Pakati-Pamusoro	Low
Ruvimbo	Yakadzika	Yakadzika	Yakadzika	Pakati-Pazasi	Alta

Kubatanidzwa nevabatsiri vezwi, kuwedzera kurongeka kwenzvimbo, uye kugadzira smart device ecosystems kunozobatsira kune zviri nyore uye zvinobudirira kubatana mune ese maficha ehupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese. Iine hwaro hwakasimba uye nhoroondo yekuenderera mberi kwekushanduka-shanduka, Bluetooth icharamba ichiita basa rakakosha munzira yatinobatanidza nekudyidzana nenyika yakatitenderedza.

ona zvimwe

Vatauri veBluetooth vari kutengeswa paBlack Friday

Kunobva: BBC, Infowester

Yakaongororwa na Glaucon Vital musi wa30/10/23.