The 2m2k3r
Kukura kwenhamba ye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi mudzimba uye mumahofisi anowedzera kunetseka pamusoro pekuti voita sei navo pavanenge vasingachadiwi. Asi, neziso pane zvakasikwa, zvinodikanwa kuti tinzwisise kuti basa redu, semutengi anoziva, rinosanganisira kuwana nzvimbo chaiyo yekurasa tsvina iyi. tsvina yemagetsi. 1v6r2
Mazuvano, makambani mazhinji, vanoshanda, mahoro emaguta uye macooperatives anototora kuunganidza kana kupa nzvimbo dzekurasa chaiko. Ona mazano uye mamwe maitiro e kurasa tsvina yemagetsi:
Chii chinonzi e-waste? 6f5861
Electronic tsvina, inozivikanwawo se-e-waste kana marara emagetsi, imhando ipi neipi yemidziyo yakaraswa yemagetsi kana yemagetsi, ingave nekuti yakatyoka, isingachashandi kana yakatsiviwa. Mhando yemarara iyi inogona kunge iine zvinhu zvine chepfu (zvakadai semutobvu, mercury uye cium), izvo zvinokuvadza zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu kana zvikaraswa zvisizvo.
Mienzaniso ye-e-waste inosanganisira:
- Nharembozha dzekare, mahwendefa uye mafoni
- Electronic wachi uye smartwachi
- vhidhiyo mutambo consoles
- Desktop makomputa, zvinyorwa uye zvikamu zvakasara (HD, mamaboard, RAM, nezvimwewo)
- Terevhizheni, mamonitor nemaredhiyo
- Printers uye Scanners
- Mabhatiri uye masero anochajwa
- Machaja, tambo nemagetsi
- Midziyo yemumba (microwaves, zvitofu, mafiriji, blenders, mafeni)
- Air conditioners uye heaters
- Printer, inki cartridges uye toner
- Makamera ekare uye makamera evhidhiyo
E-waste data kutenderera pasirese 6u5a3b
Muna 2019 chete, iyo Global E-Waste Monitor 2020 yeUN yakanyora rekodhi 53,6 miriyoni matani emarara emagetsi anogadzirwa pasi rese. Dambudziko guru pane zvese izvi nderekuti sezvo isu tiri kushandisa mamwe maturusi muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, kuwedzera kwave kuri 21% mumakore mashanu apfuura.
Chidzidzo chimwe chete cheUN chakaratidza kuti Asia yakagadzira nhamba huru ye Kurasa Magetsi uye Electronic Equipment (WEEE), ine nhamba ye24,9 megatons. Iyo yepamusoro 3 inopedzwa neAmerica (13,1 Mt) uye Europe (12 Mt). Africa neOceania dzakagadzira 2,9 Mt uye 0,7 Mt, zvichiteerana.
2023 data yakaratidza kuti 41% ye tsvina inogadzirwa muBrazil yakanga ichiri kuraswa zvisina kufanira, ichiungana mumipata yekurasira marara uye munzizi dzemumaguta, maererano ne Brazilian Association of Waste and Environment (Abrema), kujekesa, kuwedzera kumatambudziko ekugadzirisa, kushayikwa kwemashoko.
Mutemo unoti kudii nezvekuraswa kwemagetsi? 383940
Kubva 2010, iyo National Solid Waste Policy (inozivikanwawo se PNRS) inosungira makambani anogadzira michina kuti aite reverse logistics yezvese zvavanogadzira nekutengesa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore: kana makambani akaisa zvemagetsi pamusika, ivo vanofanirwawo kupa chiteshi / nzvimbo dzevatengi kudzorera zvigadzirwa zvisingachashande. A PNRS ine 15 zvinotarisisa:
- Kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hweveruzhinji uye hutano hwezvakatipoteredza;
- Zvisiri-chizvarwa, kuderedza, kushandiswazve, kudzokorodza uye kurapwa kwemarara akaomarara, pamwe chete nemamiriro ekunze akakodzera kuraswa kwekupedzisira kwemarara;
- Kukurudzira kugamuchirwa kwemaitiro akasimba ekugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu nemasevhisi;
- Kugamuchirwa, kusimudzira uye kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji dzakachena senzira yekudzikisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza;
- Kuderedzwa kwehuwandu uye njodzi yemarara ane njodzi;
- Kurudziro yeindasitiri yekudzokorodza, nechinangwa chekusimudzira kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa uye zvigadzirwa zvinobva kune zvinodzokororwa uye zvinodzokororwa;
- Integrated yakasimba marara manejimendi;
- Kurongeka pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemasimba ehurumende, uye pakati peizvi uye bhizinesi rebhizimisi, nechinangwa chekubatana kwehunyanzvi uye kwemari kune kubatanidzwa kwekutonga kwemarara yakasimba;
- Kuenderera mberi nekudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi munzvimbo yemarara akasimba;
- Kurongeka, kuenderera mberi, kushanda uye kudyidzana kwepasirese kwekupihwa kweveruzhinji kucheneswa kwemaguta uye yakasimba masevhisi ekudzora marara, nekugamuchirwa kwemanejimendi nehupfumi nzira dzinoona kudzoreredzwa kwemitengo yemasevhisi akapihwa, senzira yekuvimbisa kushanda kwavo uye kusimba kwemari. , akacherechedza Mutemo we11.445, wa2007;
- Chinonyanya kukosha, mukutorwa kwehurumende uye kuita kondirakiti, yezvigadzirwa, zvinhu, masevhisi uye mabasa anotarisisa maitiro anoenderana nemagariro uye zvakatipoteredza.
- Kubatanidzwa kwevaunganidzi vezvekushandisa zvakare uye zvinogona kushandiswazve muzviito zvinosanganisira mutoro wakagovaniswa wehupenyu hwezvigadzirwa;
- Kukurudzira kuitwa kwechigadzirwa life cycle assessment;
- Kukurudzira kusimudzira kwezvakatipoteredza uye bhizinesi manejimendi masisitimu ane chinangwa chekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira uye kushandisa zvakare tsvina yakasimba, kusanganisira kudzoreredza simba nekushandisa;
- Kurudziro yekunyorwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwakasimba.
Kazhinji, uyu ndiwo mutemo wakadzikwa kudzivirira makambani kuti asave nemhosva yekuisa zvigadzirwa zvakawanda pamusika. Nekuti iyo yakakura huwandu hwekurasa zvisirizvo, mukana mukuru wezvisikwa zvinokanganiswa mune ramangwana.
Cooperatives uye ecopoints 175k1t
Kune akawanda macooperatives ayo zvakare anobvumidza iwe kusiya zvigadzirwa nemabhatiri asingachashande. A eCycle chikuva inoshanda seaggregator yakakura ye cooperatives inokubvumira kuti urase tsvina yemagetsi.
Kuishandisa kuri nyore kwazvo: ingo pinda peji repamba wobva wadzvanya pa Pokurasa. Saka, ingozadza minda mitatu kuti uone rondedzero yenzvimbo padhuze newe. Nekudzvanya pazita reimwe yemhedzisiro uchawana kero, nhamba yefoni uye rumwe ruzivo kuti uirase nemazvo.
A Green Electron imwe kambani ine mapoinzi akati wandei akapararira muBrazil yose. Yakatangwa na Abinee (Brazilian Association of the Electrical and Electronic Industry), ingoshandisa locator woisa zip code yako kuti uzive kwaungarasira tsvina yemagetsi.
Nekudzvanya pazita renzvimbo, unogona kuwana inoshanda uye data yefoni. Saka, ingoparadzanisa zvese uye shanyira kunzvimbo yekuunganidza. Imwe nzira ndeye Abrecon mepu (Brazilian Association for Recycling of Civil Construction uye Demolition Waste). Zvakakosha kufonera munharaunda, sezvo asiri ese mabhini ekudzokorodza anogamuchira tsvina yemagetsi.
Uine izvi mupfungwa, pese paunenge uine bhatiri, komputa, smartphone kana chero imwe mudziyo wemagetsi usingachashandi, gara uchisiya zvese zvakarongeka mubhokisi rakasiyana kuti uraswe chaiko.
Kurasa kunoitwa sei? 221q16
Nzwisisa kuti chigadzirwa chega chega chemagetsi chinofanira kuraswa sei:
Stacks 62379
Stacks haifanirwe kuraswa mumarara enguva dzose, sezvo ine simbi inorema inogona kusvibisa ivhu nemvura. Zvakanakira kuenda navo Voluntary Delivery Points (VDPs) muzvitoro zvikuru, zvitoro zvemishonga, zvitoro zvemagetsi kana makanzuru ekudzokorodza nzvimbo. Vazhinji vatengesi nevagadziri vanopa zvirongwa zvekuunganidza kuti ive nechokwadi chekuraswa kwakaringana uye kwakachengeteka.
MaCD 1f626n
MaCD inoumbwa nepolycarbonate nealuminium, zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa zvakare zvinotora mazana emakore kuti zviparare munzvimbo. Chakanakira kuendesa kunzvimbo dzekudzokorodza zvemagetsi, kutora chikamu muzvirongwa zvekudzosera kumashure kana kuzvishandisa mumapurojekiti ehunyanzvi uye zvipo kumasangano.
Mafiriji 6hr6
Firiji, sezvo ine refrigerant gasi uye heavy metals, firiji haigoni kuraswa mumarara akajairika. Chinodiwa ndechekutsvaga nzvimbo dzekudzokorodza, nzvimbo dzekuunganidzira dzemidziyo yemumba kana reverse logistics zvirongwa zvinopihwa nevagadziri.
Iyo purogiramu yakakodzera kutaura nezvayo RE+ kubva kuSamsung, iyo inopa zvidzikiso zvinosvika R$3 kune avo vanoisa mufiriji yavo yekare apo vanoda kutenga imwe itsva. Takatotaura zvakawanda rega kutarisa.
Microwave 6v2am
Microwave, sezvimwe midziyo yemumba, haifaniri kukandwa mumarara enguva dzose. Zvinogona kuendeswa kunzvimbo dzekudzokorodza dzinogamuchira midziyo yemagetsi, inounzwa kumadhiraivha ekuunganidza kana kutumirwa kumakambani anoshanda nedisassembly uye kushandisazve zvikamu.
Mafoni, mabhatiri uye zvishongedzo c1p4w
Vagadziri uye vatakuri vanowanzova nereverse logistics zvirongwa kune akashandisa maserura uye zvishongedzo, uye zvitoro zvakawanda zvenyama zvine mabhokisi ekuunganidza emarara aya. Zvinogoneka zvakare kuzvirasa munzvimbo dzekudzokorodza kana mune chaiwo emagetsi kuunganidza mishandirapamwe.
Entities akadai Brazilian Association yePublic Cleaning Companies (Abree) and the Green Electron kupa zvinopfuura 3.417 Voluntary Delivery Points (PEVs) zvemagetsi zvakapararira mumaguta 1.224, mumapaki, zvikoro, makambani, zvitoro zvemishonga, masupamaketi, zvivakwa zveveruzhinji, nezvimwe. Shanyira mawebhusaiti avo kuti uwane iri padyo newe.
Brands uye vanoshanda muchikamu, senge apuro e Samsung, multilaser, LG, Motorola inopawo reverse logistics process yePhones, Galaxy smartphones ine Android uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa nayo.
Uye vashandisi vanoda Claro, Vivo e TIM Ivo zvakare vanogashira nekurasa midziyo yekudzokorodza, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzekuunganidza dziri muzvitoro zvavo:
Makomputa (Desktops uye Notebooks) 4y5d67
A Brazilian Association for Electronic Recycling uye Midziyo Yepamba inounganidza zvakaraswa kubva muzvitoro, makorasi nemapato eruzhinji. Patova nemapoinzi anodarika zviuru zvitatu nemazana masere mumaguta chiuru nemazana maviri.
O mubatanidzwa webhusaiti ine sevhisi inokubvumira kutsvaga nzvimbo iri pedyo yekuunganidzira. Ingoisa zip kodhi uye rudzi rwechigadzirwa chinofanira kuraswa. Gore rapfuura matani anodarika chiuru nemazana maviri akaunganidzwa uye akashandiswazve neindasitiri iyi.
Kana iyo desktop kana notebook komputa ichiri kushanda, zvinokwanisika zvakare kupa chigadzirwa kuburikidza Makomputa eKusanganisa Chirongwa, yeHurumende yeHurumende, iyo ine chinangwa chekutsigira uye kufambisa zvirongwa zvekusimudzira kubatanidzwa kwedhijitari kuburikidza neComputer Reconditioning Centers (CRC) - nzvimbo dzemuviri dzakagadziridzwa kugadziridzwazve kwemidziyo yemagetsi, yekubata makosi uye maworkshop uye yekurasa kwakaringana tsvina yemagetsi. Bata sangano riri pedyo nemanispala yako kuburikidza neiyi link.
Washing machines (kana Geza uye Omesa) 4495r
Washing machines Inogona kuraswa munzvimbo dzinogamuchira midziyo mikuru yemumba, senge makanzuru ekudzokorodza, mayadhi akaraswa kana kuburikidza nemasevhisi ekuunganidza kana uchitenga michina mitsva. Zvikamu zvakaita semota uye purasitiki casing inogona kudzokororwa.
VHS tepi l5pz
VHS Tapes: Yakagadzirwa nepurasitiki uye magineti matepi ayo akaoma kushandisa zvakare, anogona kuendeswa kunzvimbo dzekudzokorodza dzinogamuchira tsvina yemagetsi kana ma cooperative anogamuchira mapurasitiki akaoma. Imwe sarudzo ndeyekutsvaga mapurojekiti ehunyanzvi, maNGOs kana mashopu ekugadzira kudzokorora.
Iwe une mibvunzo nezve nzira yekurasa tsvina yemagetsi? Tiudze mashoko!
Onawo
