Kangani munhu aenda kuMwedzi? Ona ese mamishini eNASA 236k3i

Muna 1902, Georges Melies akagadzira yekutanga nzvimbo yekushanya nayo Rwendo kumwedzi uye, nepo pakutanga zvese zvaingova zvekufungidzira pamatanho ekutanga eaudiovisual, anopfuura makore makumi matanhatu gare gare nhanho dzekutanga dzemunhu paivhu remwedzi nemishini yemuchadenga dzakave dzechokwadi. Apollo 11, yekutanga yemamishini e NASA idzo dzakataurwa nevakawanda. Kunyangwe mazwi e Neil Armstrong vakadzokorora tsika dzakakurumbira kubvira ipapo, vachibatanidza kutungamira kweUnited States mumujaho wemuchadenga pakati peCold War, mamwe mamishini mashanu chete. Apollo zvakapedzwa, zvichitora vanhu gumi nevaviri chete kuenda kuMwedzi. 3bp4o

Kubva muna Zvita 1972, hapana imwe rwendo rweMwedzi rwakanyatsoitika, apo Eugene Cernan akapedza kutenderera kwekumhara pamusoro pemwedzi. Mushure make, hapana murume akadzokera kuPasi setiraiti yemusikirwo mumakore anopfuura makumi mana nemapfumbamwe, izvo zvakakonzera nhevedzano yezvakavanzika uye kurangana dzidziso.

Mushure mezvose, mamwe mamishini mana akamiswa pasina tsananguro iri pachena, uye vazhinji vanotenda kuti mafambiro emuchadenga ari kutorwa mu studio, kusanganisira mazita evatungamiriri veHollywood senge. Stanley Kubrick, sezvo yakashandisa lenzi kubva ku NASA kutora mifananidzo nekenduru yaBarry Lindon. Vakawanda vanotenda kuti uyu waiva mubayiro webasa rake, asi mutungamiriri haana kumbotaura nezvechiitiko kusvikira afa muna 1999.

Chokwadi chinotaurirwa, pane zvakawanda zvakaendesa munhu kuMwedzi, ingave mari, kukosha kwesainzi uye, hongu, nyaya dzezvematongerwo enyika. Muna 2017, Mutungamiri-vakasarudzwa VaDonald Trump vakabvumira kufona Space Policy Guideline 1, hurongwa hwemutungamiri wenyika hunopa NASA mvumo yekuenderera mberi nemisheni yeApollo kuMwedzi.Uye kuti iyi ingangove yekutanga kumira parwendo rwekukunda Mars.

Nekubudirira kwekutanga kwechitundumeme UAE yekutanga nzvimbo yekutumwa kuMars, takasarudza kudzokorodza kumhara kwese kubva pamishoni yeApollo 11. Zvitarise:

Kubudirira kweApollo 11 kwakaunza Mwedzi muchiedza 1w36r

Makore makumi mashanu apfuura, kukunda Mwedzi chaive chirongwa chezvematongerwo enyika chenyika yakakamurwa kuita mapango. "Takasarudza kuenda kuMwedzi, kwete nekuti zviri nyore, asi nekuti zvakaoma." Uye aiva nemashoko aya kuti mutungamiri wenguva iyoyo John F. Kennedy mumusangano wevatori venhau muna 1962 akataura kuti nyika ichaita Mwedzi chinangwa chayo chikuru mumakore gumi iwayo.

"Takasarudza kuenda kuMwedzi, kwete nekuti zviri nyore, asi nekuti zvakaoma."

John F. Kennedy

Paive nezvikonzero zvakawanda zvakaita kuti US itore sarudzo yakaoma uye yakasimba kudaro. Kutambura netsika nehondo pahuwandu mushure meHondo yeVietnam, nyika yaizoda kushandura kutadza kwayo kuita kukunda uye kutora pairi simba rekudzora rondedzero yayo.

Kusvetuka kubva kune vakashata kuenda kune magamba kwaizoda kuve kwenyama muzviito zvehugamba uye nezvimwe, zvichiratidza kuti vaigona kuita zvinopfuura panguva iyoyo Soviet Union, iyo kusvika panguva iyoyo yakanga yaunganidza zviitiko zvenhoroondo sekutumira satellite yekutanga mukutenderera kwePasi, kuburitsa mhuka yekutanga. pa roketi - imbwa Laika - uye, sebhonasi, vakakwanisawo kutumira munhu wekutanga munzvimbo.

MaSoviet anga atove neruna mamisheni ari kuenderera mberi, atumira yekutanga kuongorora muchadenga kuti isvike pamusoro payo kuMwedzi. Zvaiva zvomuzvarirwo kuti danho rinotevera, chokwadika, raizove rokutanga kumhara. IUS yaida kuwana rutsigiro rweveruzhinji nekukurumidza.

Mukuita, izvi zvaireva kudyara kweUS$25 bhiriyoni kune iyo NASA, iyo yaimiririra 2,5% yeGDP yeU.

Kuedza kwekutanga hakuna kusiya ivhu rePasi, sezvo muna Ndira 1967 moto wakaputika mumodule yekuraira apo timu yevachadenga vatatu vaive mukati mengarava vachiita bvunzo. Ed White, Roger B. Chaffee naGus Grissom vakafa, uye mishoni yacho yaigona kunge iri kuguma kwechirongwa cheApollo, icho chakanga chisati chatanga.

Apollo 7: Earth orbit mission 332u68

Nenzira iyi, nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzakaedzwa uye dzakagadziriswa mune dzinotevera Apollo mishoni, vachiwana budiriro yavo yekutanga nendege dzekutanga dzakangoitwa chete muna Gumiguru 1968 nekutanga kwe Apollo 7, iyo yakatenderera Pasi kweinopfuura vhiki.

Apollo 8: yekutanga basa rekutenderera Mwedzi 545n2s

Gore rimwe chetero, muna December 1968, danho rinokosha rakatorwa ne Apollo 8, kuva nechikwata chekutanga chevazivi vemuchadenga kutenderera Mwedzi uye icho, sebhonasi, chakapa "chiyeuchidzo" chakaratidza nhoroondo: mufananidzo wengano. Earrise (mambakwedza eNyika, mushanduro yeshoko chairo).

Apollo 9: mimwe miedzo muMwedzi orbit 532y5h

Kwaingodiwa mwedzi mitatu chete kugadzirira Apollo 9, sezvo muna March 1969, chimwe chitundumeme chaizotangwa kuti chitenderere Mwedzi.

Apollo 10: bvunzo dzekupedzisira dzemodule yemwedzi uye kumhara 5e4p4v

Zvichakadaro, pamwe ne Apollo 10, muna May 1969, vaviri vacho Charlie Brown e Snoopy iyo yaizopinda mapeji enhoroondo yemuchadenga, iri zita rerudo remadunhurirwa reiyo command module uye lunar module, zvichiteerana. Chinangwa chako? Ratidza kuti vese vashandi nechitundumeme vaikwanisa uye vakakodzera kumhara nemwedzi. Mukuita, vashandi veApollo 10 vakaita mabasa ese akarongerwa izvo zvaizova Apollo 11, kunze kwekunge, hongu, yekumhara.

Nokudaro, mwedzi miviri gare gare, rakanga riri zuva roushumiri hweApollo 11, mumangwanani aJuly 16, 1969. Mubhokisi roketi. Saturn V, iroketi rine simba kupfuura mamwe ose, chitundumeme chakatangwa kubva ku Kennedy Space Center, muFlorida. Zvimwe zvacho inhoroondo.

Apollo 11: kusvika kwemunhu paMwedzi 1ry3p

Tepfenyura live uye pasi rese paTV, iyo mishoni Apollo 11 Yakatanga nekutangwa kweSaturn V rocket musi waChikunguru 16, 1969, kubva kuJohn F. Kennedy Space Center muFlorida. Kubva ipapo, zvakatora mazuva mana kuti vazivi vemuchadenga Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins naBuzz Aldrin vasvike kutenderera kweMwedzi.

Armstrong naAldrin vakabva vapinda mumodule yemwedzi Eagle, ndokumhara muGungwa reRunyararo (Mare Tranquillitatis, nzvimbo yemwedzi yakagadzirwa nemarara akaomeswa, ari kudivi rinooneka reMwedzi.

Sezvaaiburuka kubva mumodule yemwedzi uye akatora nhanho yake yekutanga pamusoro peMwedzi, Armstrong akataura mazwi anozivikanwa: "Nhanho diki kune [murume], asi imwe nhanho huru kune vanhu".

"Nhanho diki kune [murume], asi imwe nhanho huru kune vanhu"

Neil Armstrong

Apollo 12: dzokera kuMwedzi 2x3y3f

Mwedzi mina gare gare, Apollo 12 yakatangwa nechinangwa chekuwedzera ruzivo pamusoro peSatellite yechisikigo yePasi uye, nekuwedzera, kuyedza kunzwisisa nekukunda zviitiko zvidiki zvisingatarisirwe zvakaitika mukuvhurwa kwapfuura. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, mishoni iyi inogona kunge yakaratidzwa nenjodzi muna Zvita 14, 1969, semasekondi makumi mana mushure mekusimuka, roketi yakarohwa nemheni, kaviri mumutsara. Pakupedzisira, rwendo rwakapfuurira pasina zvinetso zvakawanda.

Kunyangwe yaive nemhedzisiro shoma pane yekutanga kuvhurwa, Apollo 12 yakabudirira zvakanyanya. Mariri, vashandi vakapedza nguva yakawanda pavhu remwedzi, izvo zvakabvumira kufamba maviri. Kunze kweizvozvo, zvaive zvichiri kugona kudzoreredza chikamu cheiyo Muongorori 3, satellite yakagadzirwa yakange yakabatwa paMwedzi kubva munaEpril 1967. Neyo, NASA yakakwanisa kudzidza zvikamu zvayo kuitira kuti inzwisise migumisiro yekugara kwenguva refu.

Apollo 13: kubva pakutadza kudzoka 236a42

Muna 1971 chete, neApollo 14, apo chitundumeme chakamhara paivhu remwedzi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mission yapfuura, Apollo 13, aiva nezvinetso uye aifanira kudzokera kuNyika mazuva matanhatu pashure pokunge aenda muchadenga, asingasviki kutenderera kweMwedzi.Houston, tine dambudziko"("Houston, tine dambudziko" mushanduro yeshoko chairo) yakabva kumishini iyi, apo vazivi vemuchadenga Jim Lovell naJack Swigert vakazivisa nzvimbo inodzora yeNASA nezvekuwanikwa kwekuputika kwakakuvadza murairo weOdyssey uye sevhisi module uye zvakaita kuti zvitadze kuenderera mberi nebasa.

"Ah, Houston, tine dambudziko."

Jim lovell

Kudzokera kuPasi kwakanga kusiri kushoma, kwakaratidzwa nenhevedzano yezvinetso zvaifanira kukundwa nevazivi vemuchadenga, zvaida hunyanzvi hwekusika uye fungidziro yekugadzira mhinduro pasina kuve nemidziyo inodiwa. Muchokwadi, zviitiko izvi zvakarangarirwa mufirimu Apollo 13 mamishinari mavhidhiyo akadzokororwa mu4K.

Apollo 14: yechitatu mwedzi kumhara 1c3x1j

Pakutanga yakarongerwa 1970, iyo mishoni Apollo 14 yakasendekwa kuna Ndira 31, 1971, nekuda kwekuferefeta kwakabatana netsaona yakaitika pamisheni yapfuura. Vazivi vemuchadenga Alan Shepard, Stuart Roosa naEdgar Mitchell vakapinzwa muchadenga uye, muna Kukadzi 5 wegore iro, iyo Antares lunar module yakazosvika kuMwedzi, inomiririra kechitatu apo vanhu vakamhara pane yakasikwa satellite.

Munguva yemishoni, 42 makirogiramu ematombo emwedzi akaunganidzwa uye akati wandei kuedza kwesainzi kwakaitwa. Pakupera kwekufamba kwake kwekupedzisira pamusoro, muzivi wemuchadenga Alan Shepard akaita chinhu chinoshamisa: kutamba gorofu paMwedzi, aine chiremwaremwa chakavandudzwa nemabhora, akauya naye.

Kubva ipapo, nzendo dzekuenda kuMwedzi kazhinji hadzina kucherechedzwa neruzhinji rweAmerica uye chirongwa chakarasa kufarira, kunyangwe zvakakosha, sekuunganidzwa kwematombo kubva kwakasiyana geological formations apo Apollo 15 vazivi venyeredzi vakafamba makiromita makumi maviri nenomwe paivhu remwedzi, kana neApollo. 27, apo yekutanga lunar rover yekuAmerica yakaita debut yayo muna 17, iyo Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV), mhinduro kuSoviet Lunokhod, iyo yakasvika pavhu remwedzi muna 1970. Motokari dzose dziri mbiri dzinogona kudzorwa kure.

Nhaka yeApollo mission inodarika kubudirira kwerwendo rwemuchadenga umo vanhu vakakwanisa kushinga nharaunda dzisina magariro uye kudzokera kumba zvakachengeteka. Nekutumwa kwega kwega zvaive zvichikwanisika kuita ongororo yakawandisa yesainzi yemuviri wekudenga uri padyo nePasi, uye pamwe nayo yese solar system.

Apollo astronauts akaunza kumba mazana emakirogiramu edombo remwedzi, akadhirowa masampuli kubva pakati pawo uye akayera seismic chiitiko, icho chinonzi kudengenyeka kweMwedzi. Pamusoro pezvo, vakaunganidza data remuchadenga kubva munzvimbo inenge isina chinhu yemwedzi, uye vakayera chinhambwe chaicho kubva kuNyika uye satellite yake.

Apollo 15: yekutanga "mota" mishoni 636y6b

Mushure meApollo 15, mamishini e NASA vaiva nechinetso chaizoisa basa ravo rose mungozi: kuderedzwa kwebhajeti. Saka, chinangwa chikuru chechinangwa chinotevera chaizofanira kuunza mibairo mikuru yesainzi. Tichifunga izvi, vazivi vemuchadenga David Scott, Alfred Worden naJames Irwin vakakwira muroketi rakaenda kuMwedzi musi waChikumi 26, 1971.

Panguva iyoyo, iyo Apollo 15 mishoni yaive yakakosha zvakanyanya nekuti mukuwedzera kune yekutanga iyo yakaverengera kwemaawa gumi nemasere ekuongorora paivhu remwedzi (muzere), yaive nguva yekutanga kuti vazivi venyeredzi vakakwira mumotokari paivhu remwedzi (chaizvoizvo. , motokari yakanga iri jipi) kuunganidza masampuli achiri kudzidzwa nanhasi.

Rwendo rwekubva kuNyika kuenda kuMwedzi rwakatora mazuva angangoita 4 uye vakadzokera kuPasi musi waNyamavhuvhu 02, 1971. Paive pachinangwa chimwe chete ichi apo kuyedza kudonhedza munhenga nesando panguva imwe chete mumhepo yemwedzi kwakaitwa. , tarisa:

Kufambira mberi kweApollo 15 mission kwakakosha nechikonzero chiri nyore kuti yaive imwe yemamishini NASA izvo zvakaratidza zvakare kuti sangano rakakosha raigona sei kuenda mberi, kunyangwe nebhajeti shoma. Vese vashandi vakasiyawo kachiumbwa kakatora zita rokuti Yawa Astronaut, iyo ine dombo rine mazita evachadenga vakashaya.

Apollo 16: shanyira kuDescartes 'Highlands 69g6g

Iine mota yekutanga yemwedzi inoshanda uye kubatsira vazivi vemuchadenga kuunganidza mamwe masampuli, mugore rinotevera kupera kwechinangwa chapfuura, NASA akanga ave kutoisa rimwe roketi nevazivi vemuchadenga paMwedzi. Apollo 16 yakatangwa kubva kuJohn F. Kennedy Space Center naSaturn V John F. Kennedy Space Center naSaturn V, musi wa16 Kubvumbi 1972.

Vemuchadenga vaive paroketi John Young e Charles Duke, avo vane basa rokuunganidza zvinhu. Ken achikura aive nebasa rekugara murunar orbit command uye service module Casper nezviridzwa zvesainzi uye hongu, zvakare kutora mafoto. Vatatu ava vakamutsawo kuyedza pamusoro peDescartes Highlands, iyo yakanga isati yashanyirwa nevanhu.

Nerutsigiro kubva kumotokari yemwedzi, nyanzvi dzakagara paivhu remwedzi kwemaawa ari pasi pe71, makumi maviri nerutsigiro rwerover chete. A Apollo 16 kwakatora mazuva 11 uye pana April 27, 1972, vazivi venyeredzi vatatu vakadzokera kupasi redu.

Apollo 17: mishoni yekupedzisira kuMwedzi 3f2gq

Kuzadza chirongwa cheApollo space icho chakaendesa vanhu vakati wandei kuMwedzi, basa iri raive nebasa rekutyora rekodhi kwenguva yakareba yakapedzwa nevanhu paivhu remwedzi: aive maawa makumi manomwe nemashanu. Vashandi vacho vakaumbwa naEugene Andrew “Gene” Cernan, (USN), Ronald Ellwin Evans (USN), naHarrison Hagan “Jack” Schmitt. Vakaenda kuMwedzi musi wa75 Zvita 09, vachidzokera kuNyika musi wa1972 Zvita wegore rimwe chetero.

Pakunomhara mumupata wakakomberedzwa nemakomo kumucheto kweMare Serenitatis, chinangwa chikuru chaApollo 17 chaive chekuunganidza zvinhu kubva muvhu remwedzi, kunyanya munzvimbo yakagara yasarudzwa yedunhu reTaurus-Littrow. Semazuva ese, vatatu vaitora mafoto kwese kwavaienda. Iri raivewo basa rekutanga raive neastronaut aive zvakare geologist. Takavawo nekuimba-pamwe chete, zvionere:

Munguva yose yavakapedza paivhu remwedzi, vazivi venyeredzi vakaunganidza 110,4 kg yezvinhu nerutsigiro rwerunar rover, iyo yakafamba makiromita anopfuura 30 pane iyi mission chete. Chinhu chikuru chakaunganidzwa chaive sampuli dzemarava, izvo zvakabatsira masayendisiti kunzwisisa kuti kuumbwa kwemabheseni makuru emwedzi kwakaitika sei. Aka kaive kekupedzisira nyika kutsika Mwedzi.

Apollo-Soyuz: diplomatic mission 4m3v6c

Basa iri harina kusanganisira kushanya kuMwedzi, asi raive rakakosha kuti Hondo Yemashoko ipere. IUS yakabatana nechirongwa cheSoviet space kuitira kuti zvitundumeme kubva kumasangano ese ari maviri zvigone kumira muEarth orbit. Iyi yaive nzira yekuratidza kuti paive pasisina zvemakwikwi. Kuvhurwa kwakaitika muna Chikunguru 15, 1975, tarisa mufananidzo wenguva yacho:

Pamusoro penguva yekufananidzira yekubatanidza zvikepe, vazivi vemuchadenga vanobva kunyika dzose dziri mbiri vakashanyira shamwari dzavo dzava shamwari uye vakapanana zvipo.Vashandi vekuAmerica vaisanganisira Thomas P. Stafford, Vance D. Brand, Donald K. “Deke” Slayton, Alan L. Bean uye Ronald E. Evans Jack R. Lousma. Vashandi vengarava yeSoviet vakaumbwa naAlexei A. Leonov, Valeri N. Kubasov, Anatoli V. Filipchenko naNikolai N. Rukavishnikov.

Mibvunzo inowanzo zivikanwa: 2h5f3q

Nzira yekuratidza sei kuti munhu aive paMwedzi? 1h1s20

Kana paine munhu achiri kukahadzika kuti vanhu vakanyatsotsika paivhu remwedzi, kunyangwe mushure memishoni yese uye zvinyorwa zvakagovaniswa ne NASA, pane nzira yokuratidza nayo kuti rwendo rwacho rwakanga ruriko. Pakati pa1969 na1971, zviratidziri zvishanu zvakasiiwa paMwedzi, izvo pamusoro pekuratidza kuti munhu akafamba chaizvo kusatellite yakasikwa, zvakabatsirawo kuziva kuti zvakatora nguva yakareba sei kuti mwenje wakareruka udzoke kuNyika.

Usafunge kuti mareflector aive magirazi akareruka seaya aunawo kumba. Mienzaniso yakasiiwa nevazivi vemuchadenga paMwedzi ine dhizaini yakafanana neyatinoona mucube, zvinoreva kuti chiedza, zvisinei kuti chiri kubva divi ripi, chinogara chichiratidzira paNyika. Nenzira iyoyo:

Pfungwa iyi yakagadzirwa naJames Faller muna 1950, asi yakangoratidzwa muna 1963, paakabatana net Institute of the Laboratory for Astrophysics (JILA), National Bureau of Standards uye University of Colorado kuBoulder. Muedzo wekutanga wakaitwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 01, 1969, pakangopedzwa mishoni yeApollo 11. Laser yakadzingwa ka162 kuMwedzi pasati panyatsoonekwa mhedzisiro, asi yechipiri nhevedzano yemayedzo zana nemakumi maviri yakaburitsa makumi masere.

Kunyange zvazvo mission astronauts Apollo 14 e 15 vatora maratidziro emwedzi kune yakasikwa satellite, iyo chete modhi yakatumirwa muna 1969 ndiyo inoshanda.

 Neil Armstrong uye mhiko kuBhaibheri (Fake News) 385n3m

Kunyangwe mapikicha ese, mavhidhiyo uye nhepfenyuro yemhenyu iri kuitwa kuratidza kusvika kwekutanga kwemunhu paMwedzi, vanhu vazhinji vachiri kutenda kuti yaingova huru setup. Iko hakuna chokwadi, mafoto kana mavhidhiyo anoratidza kuti zvakarekodhwa zvakaitwa, asi kune zvinyorwa zve NASA Hongu, Neil Armstrong akafamba paMwedzi.

Asi izvo zvainge zvisina kukwana kuti vanorangana vatende munhu wese ane chekuita mune imwe yemamishini ekambani. NASA akakurumbira zvikuru munhoroondo. Imwe yemavhidhiyo ane mukurumbira yaive iyo ye Neil Armstrong kuramba kupika paBhaibheri uye kusiya $5.000 XNUMX parutivi setuso yechiito. Buda:

Yakabudiswa muna 2016 pa YouTube, vhidhiyo iri pamusoro yakatorwa muna 2010 uye nguva pfupi Armstrong asati afa, zvakaitika muna 2012. Bart Sibrel, iyo inoti inobva kuABC Digital (chikamu chenhema chechiteshi cheAmerica) inoda kuti aimbove muzivi wemuchadenga apike kuti akanyatsotsika Mwedzi nokuisa ruoko rwake paBhaibheri.

Paanoona kuti haazobudiriri kuratidza kuti mamissions e NASA pakanga pasina, Sibrel Anopa mari kuti awane zvaanoda. Neil Armstrong anoramba chiito kana aona kuti chokwadi, murume ari kuedza kumumanikidza kuita izvi inyanzvi yekurangana uye mugadziri wemafirimu uyo ​​akazozivikanwa chaizvo nekutambudza vazivi venyeredzi kuti vataure zvakafanana. Akaudzawo vateveri vake kuti kumhara kwemwedzi kwakanga kuri kwemanyepo.

Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti pasinei nokuti aiva mwanakomana waamai vechiKristu, munhu wokutanga akafamba paMwedzi aizviti deist, chitendero chinodavira kuti kuna Mwari, asi kuti haapindiri muChisiko Chapose pose. Armstrong haana kuzviona seasingatendi kuti kuna Mwari uye anga asiriwo muKristu, maererano nebhuku rakanga richiburitswa nevhidhiyo yemaitiro aBart Sibrel.

Nhau dzenhema dzekuti murume akaenda kuMwedzi dziri kudzoka zvakare nekuda kwekuti Neil Armstrong haana kuita zvakakumbirwa naSibrel, asi zvakakosha kufunga kuti murume aidzingirira aimbova astronaut aizivikanwa chaizvo nekuramba misheni yese. Apollo izvo zvakaitwa.

Nei tisina kuwana mamwe maNASA mamishini kuMwedzi? 4l6r3e

Mushure mekubudirira kwemishoni Apollo 11, uye pakupedzisira kubuda kweRussia, kuisa rutsoka pasatellite kwakatanga kurasikirwa nefariro kuvose vari vaviri vokuAmerica navaSoviet. Pakanga pasina chikonzero chesainzi kana chezvematongerwo enyika chekudzoka uye iyo feat inoda mari yakawanda, iyo, nekufamba kwenguva, yakava isingagoneki. Asi kwete kwenguva refu.

Nekupinda kwakaita makambani akazvimirira mumujaho unonzi muchadenga, Mwedzi watova nzvimbo inodiwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Chirongwa cheArtemis, iyo inofanira kutanga kusimuka muna 2022. Iyo nzira inotevedzera iyo yakashandiswa muna 1960: kutanga, nhevedzano yebvunzo inoitwa kuti ione mamwe mamiriro - sekushanda kwechichadenga - kunyatsosimuka kuti imhare paivhu remwedzi. nevazivi vemuchadenga. Uye atova nezuva rakatarwa: 2024, iyo, panguva ino, ichatora mukadzi wekutanga kumwedzi.

Nayo inoitirwawo kugadzira iyo Gateway lunar station, iyo ichange iri mukutenderera kweMwedzi, uye ichave chikuva chinoshandiswa nevazivi vemuchadenga sechimiro chekumira pakati pePasi neMwedzi, pamwe chete nenzendo dziri kure, dzakadai serwendo rwemangwana kuenda kuMars, iyo zvinogona kuitika chaizvo mukupera kwema 2030. Nepo NASA yakatonga kunze kwekudiwa kwayo kweiyo 2024 mishoni, icharamba yakavakirwa chaizvo kune vavariro yekusvika kuMars.

Uyezve, dzimwe nyika dziri kushanda pamisheni yemwedzi panguva ino, seIndia, China, United Arab Emirates neRussia pachayo, pamwe nemakambani akazvimirira, akadai seSpaceX. Naizvozvo, kutanga kweSpace Race nyowani muzana rino ramakore, ine mazita matsva, zviso zvitsva uyezve zvitsva zvakabudirira.

Ndeipi ichave mishoni inotevera kuMwedzi? 4z5f3o

NASA yakaronga kudzoka kuMwedzi muna 2024, asi munaNovember gore rapfuura, Artemis Lunar Chirongwa ichave ichiita ndege yayo yekutanga muna Kukadzi 2022, asi izvi zvakambomiswa kusvika muna Chivabvu gore rino.

Chikamu chekutanga chechirongwa ichi hachizove chiri kutora vanhu, asi chingave bvunzo yakakosha yekuona kuti kudzoka kwevanhu kune yakasikwa satellite kuchaita sei.

Patinosiya spectrum ye NASA, imwe nyika yakashanda kuisa vazivi venyeredzi paMwedzi ndiyo China, iyo yakagadzira simba renyukireya rine simba rakapetwa ka100 kupfuura chero chirongwa chipi nechipi chakaitwa nesangano rinokosha rokuAmerica.

Nyika yeAsia yakatarisana nekugadzira nharaunda dzevanhu kunze kwePasi uye kuti izvi zviitike, iri kugadzira mareactor matanhatu kana manomwe enyukireya kuti ashande paivhu remwedzi chete. Hapasati pasisina zuva rakatarwa rekutanga kuChina.

Tinogona chete kumirira kufambira mberi kunotevera uye patichanyatsoona vanhu paMwedzi mushure memakore anopfuura makumi mashanu mushure mekupedzisira Apollo mishoni. Unofungei kuti izvi zviitike? Tiudze mashoko!

Onawo:

Source: History l Reuters l NASA l Wikipedia