The 2m2k3r
Unoyeuka here apo marobhoti ekutanga uye mamwe epamberi Artificial Intelligence (AI) software akatanga kubuda uye munhu wese ainetsekana nezvemabasa avo? Zvakanaka, ikozvino inguva yembwa yekunetseka. 1g721c
A Yunivhesiti yeGlasgow, muScotland, munguva ichangopfuura yakapa bhuku racho RoboGuide, rudzi rweimbwa inotungamira marobhoti yakagadziridzwa kubatsira mapofu kana vanhu vasingaone kuti vazvitarisire uye kufamba-famba munzvimbo dzemukati.
"Chinangwa chedu ndechekugadzira hurongwa hwakakwana hunogona kuchinjika kuti hushandiswe nemarobhoti emhando dzese nehukuru kubatsira mapofu nevasingaoni mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana emukati." Tinovimba kuti tichakwanisa kugadzira chigadzirwa chakasimba chekutengesa chinogona kutsigira vasingaone pese pavanoda rumwe rubatsiro. "
Wasim Ahmad, RoboGuide co-muongorori paYunivhesiti yeGlasgow's James Watt Chikoro cheUinjiniya.
Imbwa yerobhoti yakagadzirwa mukubatana ne Forth Valley Sensory Center Trust (FVSC) and the Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB), masangano maviri anoyamura muScotland anobatsira vanhu vane chero rudzi rwekutadza kuona (munyaya yeFVSC, kunewo rutsigiro rwevanhu vane hurema hwekunzwa).
Nekuda kwekudyidzana, vazvipiri kubva kumasangano ese ari maviri vakakwanisa kuve vekutanga kuyedza RoboGuide. Muna Zvita 2023, boka rakaenda Hunterian, miziyamu yekare yeScotland, muzviratidzo zvitanhatu zvakasiyana-siyana kuongorora kuti chiitiko chekushanyira chinoperekedzwa nembwa inotungamira robhoti ingave yakaita sei.
Chirongwa chekutsvagisa chemwedzi mipfumbamwe chakatsigirwa nemari kubva kuInjiniya nePhysical Sayenzi Research Council (EPSRC), chikamu cheUK's National Science and Research Funding Agency (UKRI).
Chii chinonzi RoboGuide chinokwanisa kuita? 1m1e6a
Sekureva kwaOlaoluwa Popoola, muongorori mukuru pane James Watt Chikoro cheUinjiniya da Yunivhesiti yeGlasgow, chimwe chezvakashata zvikuru zvemarobhoti azvino ndechekuti tekinoroji inoshandiswa kutungamira inogona kudzikisira kubatsira kwavo semadhiraivha kana vabatsiri kune vanhu vane hurema hwekuona.
“Marobhoti anoshandisa GPS kufamba, semuenzaniso, anogona kuita zvakanaka kunze, asi anowanzo kunetseka ari mukati, uko kuvharika kwechiratidzo kunogona kupera simba. Vamwe, vanoshandisa makamera kuti ‘vaone’, vanoganhurirwa nemutsara wekuona, izvo zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kuoma kutungamirira vanhu zvakakotsekana panzvimbo pezvinhu kana kumakona.”
Olaoluwa Popoola, RoboGuide muongorori mukuru paYunivhesiti yeGlasgow's James Watt Chikoro cheUinjiniya.
Nokudaro, kuitira kuti pasave nechipingamupinyi kune nzvimbo uye kufamba kwerobhoti inotungamirira imbwa (uye vanhu iyo ichabatsira mune ramangwana), ine nhevedzano yezviziviso zvakanyanyisa kunze kwayo kumepu uye kuongorora nzvimbo yakaipoteredza nezvakanaka. nemazvo.vakakupoteredza.
Uyezve, vaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeGlasgow vakagadzira software inobvumira imbwa yerobhoti kudzidza nzira dzakanakisa pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana. Iyo inogona zvakare kududzira iyo data inotumirwa nema sensors ayo munguva chaiyo, kuti irege kudhumhana nezvipingamupinyi zvakamira kana kufamba.
Kumwe kugona kwe RoboGuide kugona kutaura nevanhu. Powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI), iyo robhoti inotungamirira imbwa haigoni kunzwisisa chete, asiwo kutaurirana nevanhu, kukwanisa kunzwisisa mibvunzo nemirairo uye, zvakare, kupa mhinduro uye hutungamiri. Izvi zvakaitika kumativi matanhatu ekuongororwa kwevazvipiri paHunterian.
Tarisa mamwe marobhoti anotungamira imbwa dzakatogadzirwa 4i5o4
Pamusoro pe RobotGuide, kune zvimwe zviripo marobhoti ekutungamira imbwa mapurojekiti uye prototypes, akagadzirwa zvakanyanya nemayunivhesiti.
Mumwe wemapiyona mumutsara uyu akagadzirwa muna 2021, nevatsvakurudzi vepaYunivhesiti yeBerkeley, California (USA), vakagadzira imwe yerobhoti inotungamira imbwa, vachigadzirisa imbwa mini robhoti yakatanga kugadzirwa neMassachusetts Institute of Technology. (MIT).
Imbwa yerobhoti yakanga yakashongedzerwa nelaser rangeing system yekumepu nharaunda yakaipoteredza uye munhu akavharwa maziso akaedza robhoti kuti aongorore kushanda kwaro segwara rinogoneka revanhu vasingaoni kana kusaona.
Imwe imbwa inotungamirira robhoti yakagadzirwa, iye zvino isingachanyanyi kukosha, ndeye RoboDog, yakagadzirwa neD-ITET Center yeProjekti-Yakavakirwa Kudzidza paFederal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), muSwitzerland, yakapihwa munaGunyana 2023. Chikamu chechirongwa cheyunivhesiti chine chinangwa chekusimudzira hunyanzvi neAI, irobhoti imbwa Swiss yaive. yakagadzirwa ichishandisa hwaro hwatove huripo hwekutengesa, uye vaongorori vakavaka imwe hardware pamusoro, kusanganisira masensa matsva uye itsva computational unit.
"Chinangwa chikuru chechirongwa cheRoboDog ndechekubatsira mapofu kufamba muhupenyu hwavo hwemazuva ese. Kudzidzisa imbwa dzinotungamira kunoda mari yakawanda uye chinangwa chedu ndechekugadzira marobhoti system inokwanisa kufamba yakazvimirira uye kutungamira kwemapofu tichinzvenga zvipingamupinyi. "
David Plozza, mudzidzi wePhD uye RoboDog anotora chikamu chirongwa paEHZ Zurich
Mamwe marudzi embwa dziripo dzemarobhoti 1d1k4t
Pamusoro peimbwa dzemarobhoti dzakagadzirwa kubatsira mapofu kana vanhu vasingaone, kune mamwe akati wandei marobhoti ari kuchinja indasitiri, vazhinji vavo vanotochengetedza chimiro chavo chemakumbo mana.
Takakusarudzira mimwe mienzaniso (tichisimbisa kuti tinoenderera mberi tichitaura nezvemarobhoti ane makumbo mana akagadzirwa kugadzirisa rimwe dambudziko revanhu kana kuomerwa, uye kwete mu marobhoti akagadzirirwa kambani, dzidzo kana sematoyi):
Boston Dynamics u2n4y
A Boston Dynamics, imwe yemakambani ane mukurumbira einjiniya marobhoti, ine dzimwe shanduro dzembwa dzemarobhoti dzakagadzirwa kwemakore akati wandei.
Muna 2004, kambani yakagadzira iyo BigDog, robhoti rayo rekutanga rine makumbo kubuda murabhoritari. Yakapihwa mari neDefence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), iyo yeUnited States mauto ekutsvagisa, imbwa yemarobhoti yakagadziridzwa nechinangwa chekuperekedza masoja munzvimbo dzakaoma zvakanyanya kune dzakajairwa mota.
Gare gare, muna 2011, kambani yakaburitsa vhidhiyo ye AlphaDog, inozivikanwawo se LS3 (Legged squad System), chizvarwa chitsva cheBigDog. Muna Zvita 2015, chirongwa cheBigDog chakamiswa, sezvo injini yakashandiswa yaive ine ruzha zvekuti haigone kushandiswa muhondo. Nekudaro, kambani yaive neimwe imbwa yerobhoti mumabasa - iyo nzvimbo, panguva ino magetsi akazara.
Iwe unogona kunge watoona vhidhiyo kana pikicha yeiyi robhoti imbwa kubva kuBoston Dynamics, sezvo parizvino iri imwe yemarobhoti ane mukurumbira ane quadruped munyika. Muna 2023, kuburikidza nekubatana pakati peBrazilian Agency for Industrial Development (ABDI) neItaipu Technological Park (PTI), zvikwata zviviri zvakauya kuBrazil kuti zvishandiswe mukuongorora kwezvivako zvakakosha uye zvinogona kununura mishoni.
Ghost robotics 364b11
Imwe hombe yekugadzira yeUS, panguva ino inyanzvi mumarobhoti ane makumbo mana, ari Ghost robotics, iyo kubvira 2015 yakave yakakosha muQ-UGVs (acronym for unmanned autonomous quadrupedal ground cars, muchiPutukezi).
Muna 2020, imwe yemhando dzayo huru, iyo Chiratidzo 60, yakaedzwa neAustralian Mauto uye US Air Force yekutarisa uye kuchengetedza mabasa. Muna 2021, imwe vhezheni itsva yebhobhoti imbwa yakaburitswa, panguva ino neyakavakwa-mu sniper pfuti uye, muna 2023, masoja eAustralia akatanga kudzidziswa nengowani inokwanisa kuverenga zviratidzo zvehuropi nekuzvishandura kuita mirairo yemarobhoti.
Deep Robotics 2m5ce
Iye zvino kubva kuUnited States, iyo Deep Robotics ikambani yekuChina yakavambwa muna 2017 uye yakatarisana nekugadzira maindasitiri ekunyorera marobhoti ane mana, pamusoro pekuve kambani yekutanga kuita ongororo yakazvimirira nemarobhoti ane mana muChina.
Iyo kambani ine mamwe marobhoti imbwa mhando, kusanganisira yayo mureza, iyo X30, yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira kuongorora, kuongorora, kuchengetedza, kuongorora uye mepu. Imwe modhi, iyo X20, ine chinangwa chekuongorora maindasitiri pasi pemamiriro ekushanda zvakanyanya.
Imwe modhi, iyo Lite-3, yakatangwa muna 2023, yakareruka uye diki vhezheni, inokwanisa kunyange kuita somersaults. Iyo Lite3 yakatevedzana inouya nemhando ina: yekutanga yakagadzirirwa vanofarira tekinoroji, pamwe nemamwe matatu emhando yepamusoro akagadzirirwa zvinangwa zvesainzi.
ANYBiotics 3u82a
Imwe kambani kubva kuUnited States ndeye ANYBiotics, ino nguva iri muSwitzerland, asi, seDeep Robotics, yakatarisawo pakugadzira marobhoti ane quadruped kuti aongororwe.
Mienzaniso yayo miviri mikuru ndeye ANYmal and the ANYmal, yakatengwa naVale muna 2022, uye inoita mabasa akafanana ekutarisa nekugadzirisa, iri imbwa yekutanga yerobhoti yakakodzera kushanda muOiri neGasi zvidyarwa.
Brazil ine marobhoti imbwa yayo ine makumbo mana 1u2o5z
Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki: Brazil zvakare ine imbwa yayo yerobhoti, inonzi BitDog. Uye kwete izvo chete - ndiye wekutanga robhoti imbwa muSouth America.
O BitDog Yakagadzirwa muna 2022 nevadzidzi vanosvika makumi mashanu kubva kuBachelor's degree muArtificial Intelligence kuFederal University yeGoiás (UFG), kuCentre for Excellence in Artificial Intelligence (CEIA), uye pakati pehunyanzvi hwayo kutarisisa nekutarisa petrochemical nemagetsi. masevhisi, njanji uye maindasitiri. Tekinoroji iyi piyona muSouth America uye yakagadziridzwa kuyunivhesiti's Center of Excellence muArtificial Intelligence (CEIA).
Pane imbwa dzemarobhoti dziri kutengeswa here? 425y6s
Mazhinji emarobhoti ane quadruped akagadzirwa parizvino anonangana nemasevhisi chaiwo, sekutarisa munzvimbo dzine njodzi uye mashandiro emauto. Nekudaro, isu takakwanisa kuwana mamwe mamodheru ekutengesa (nemitengo yavo):
- Boston Dynamics Spot: takatotaura pamusoro pemuenzaniso uyu zvishoma pamusoro (yeuka imbwa yerobhoti ichitamba UpTown Funk, naMark Ronson ft. Bruno Mars?) Uye, pasinei nekuvandudzwa kwayo mu2015, kambani yakatanga kutengesa robot makore mana apfuura, mu2020. Iine saizi inosiyana kubva pa50 kusvika 68 masendimita (inayo pamakumbo mana), bhatiri re564Wh rinobvumira 1h30 yekushandiswa, unogona kuenda neSpot kumba nemadhora makumi manomwe nemazana mashanu chete (kana R$74,500, nemutengo uripo ).
- Unitree Go2 ou Unitree Go2 Pro neUnitree Robotics: Kana iwe uchinyatsoda imbwa yemarobhoti, imwe nzira yakachipa yeSpot ndiyo Unitree Go2 kana Unitree Go2 Pro. Nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasimba sezviya zvambotaurwa, Unitree Robotics ndeimwe yemakambani mashoma anewo muenzaniso wekushandisa, sezvazvakaita pamarobhoti maviri aya. Angodarika masendimita makumi mana kureba, iine 40 mAh bhatiri ine simba kweanenge 8.000 kusvika 1 maawa ekushandisa, iyo yekutanga modhi inodhura madhora zana nemakumi matanhatu (R$2) uye iyo Pro yemadhora mazana maviri nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemazana masere (1.600), tisingaverenge mutengo wekutumira.
Onawo
Boston Dynamics marobhoti anotamba zvirinani kupfuura vanhu
Source: University of Glasgow, IWebhu Inotevera, CNBC, CEIA - Federal University yeGoiás, Wired
Yakaongororwa na Glaucon Vital musi wa20/2/24.
