The 2m2k3r
Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwestem cell, masayendisiti akakwanisa kugadzira mazai emunhu, pasina kubatanidzwa kwemazai kana urume. Basa rakapiwa pamusangano wepasi rose we International Society yeStem Cell Research (International Society for Stem Cell Research, mushanduro yemahara), musi waChikumi 14, ichikwevera pfungwa dzevaongorori kune mupiro wezvidzidzo zvezvirwere zvemajini uye kunyangwe kubvisa nhumbu kwega. Uyezve, inguva yekutanga kuti "embryo" igadzirwe pachishandiswa majini evanhu. 6r263
Sekutsvagisa kunovhura mikana yepamusoro yehupenyu hwemunhu pachahwo, mhedzisiro yekusikwa kwe "embryo" inomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda yetsika. Iwe unogona kuona ese aya matambudziko uye ruzivo runosanganisira kugadzirwa kwekutsvagisa izvozvi, mukati showmetech.
Masayendisiti akasika sei mwana ari mudumbu? 3aq3r
Kumira kuverenga pamazai kana urume chaigoneka chete nekuda kwekushandisa stem masero: nekushandisa kwavo, muongorori Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz akakwanisa kubudisa mazai. Iye muongorori pa Yunivhesiti yeCambridge Zvinobva California Institute of Technology, uye akanga ari mutungamiri wepurojekiti yezvidzidzo zvebhayoloji.
Nzira yakashandiswa kugadzira embryo yakagadzirwa yaitsamira kwete pamasero aya eembryo chete, asiwo nekuedza “kuaita kuti” aumbe chingava danho rekutanga remuviri wemunhu. Vatsvakurudzi, kutaura zvazviri, vanosimbisa pfungwa iyi, vachipikisa kuti yakawanda ye "embryo model" pane chipenyu chakafanana neiyo inogadzirwa apo urume hunosangana nezai, sezvinongoitika zvoga.
Nekudaro, kufambira mberi uku kunounza chimiro chakasiyana kune embryo iri kutaurwa. Sezvo ichigadzirwa uchishandisa maseru anokura kubva kuchinhu chipenyu muchikamu chayo chekutanga, chakasikwa nega, mhedzisiro haigone kutorwa seyakagadzirwa zvachose. Nemamwe mashoko, zvakatevera kuumbwa kwakafanana neicho chinoitika muchibereko chemunhu, mukuwedzera pakupa mikana yokudzivisa kushandiswa kweurume. ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai.
Chii chakanakira iyi stem cell tsvagiridzo kuvanhu? 675a4v
Chimiro che embryo yakagadzirwa ne Żernicka-Goetz Haina mwoyo kana uropi hunokura, asi inowana kukosha kunharaunda yesainzi nekuti ine masero kubva kune dzimwe nhengo. Muenzaniso unokosha kuvapo kwemasero muyolk sac, inova chikamu chekuumbwa kwechibereko chemwana asati aberekwa, ichikosha pakuita kuti nhengo dzokubereka nadzo dzive nedzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, dzakadai seura.
Zvichienderana neizvi uye zvimwe zvakacherechedzwa neiyo embryonic organism, vaongorori vanokwanisa kudzidza zvirinani kukura kwevanhu, kusanganisira matambudziko panguva ino yekutanga. Kunyanya, tsvakurudza mukati Goetz akatibvumira kuona kutanga kwekuumbwa kwemasero anoonekwa kana "embryo" inowanzoitika muchibereko.
Pakutanga, muongorori mumwecheteyo akagadzirawo kumwe kutsvagisa achishandisa stem maseru, asi akabva kumakonzo. Boka rekutsvagisa raakange ari chikamu rakazvipira kune iri basa resainzi mukukwikwidza nerimwe timu, iro raive re Weizmann Institute yaIsraeri. Vose vakawana embryonic zvimiro zvakagadzira kutanga kwenhengo dzematumbo, pamwe nehuropi hwepakutanga nemoyo.
Nhengo ye Francis Crick Institute (uyo anoita tsvakurudzo mu biomedicine), purofesa James Bricoe inoongorora kuti, kunyangwe paine mikana mitsva yekutsvagisa neyakagadzirwa zvipenyu mune genetics, kutarisirwa kunodiwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti sainzi uye tekinoroji haisati iine mirau yemhando dzakasiyana dzezvidzidzo zvinouya zvichipesana nemiganhu yetsika.
"[...] Mamodheru akawanda anobva mumasero e embryoni emunhu akafanana neanhu ekutanga zvipenyu, zvinonyanya kukosha kuve nemirairo yakajeka uye yekutonga mashandisirwo aanoitwa."
James Briscoe
Nyika zhinji dzine imwe mhando yemitemo ine chekuita netsvakiridzo yemajini uye kukura embryo. Nenzira iyi, mitemo inongobvumira kurima kwezvipenyu mumatanho ekutanga kusvika kumazuva gumi nemana. Kunyange zvakadaro, kufambira mberi kunowanikwa ne Goetz uye vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanogona kubvumira iyi nguva yenguva kuti iwedzere, zvichienderana nemipiro yeramangwana.
Zvichangoburwa patsvagiridzo nemasynthetic embryos 4b5q1i
Kwete chete West yakasimbiswa mukutsvagisa embryo. MuChina, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuisa zvipenyu zvekugadzira panguva yekutanga mutsoko dzechikadzi, asi havana kukwanisa kuenderera mberi nemimba. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi pa Chinese Academy yeSainzi Vakakwanisa kuona kuti, kana mukati mechibereko chemhuka, zvipenyu zvakatanga kukura, sezvo nhanho yeblastocyst - nguva iyo sero rinotanga kupatsanurana kugadzira embryo - yakasvikwa zvakabudirira.
Chimwe chidzidzo kubva kuIsrael, chakabudiswa muna Ndira mujenari Sayenzi Inofambira Mberi, aive nebasa rekuona kukura kwenhengo dzepabonde muma "embryos," achitarisa kuona ma syndromes muzvisikwa panguva ino iyo, mu50% yezviitiko, haina mavambo akawanikwa. Mumwe wevaongorori vebasa resainzi iri, Nitzan Gonen, ipapo Mina naEverard Goodman Faculty yeHupenyu Sayenzi (Mina naEverard Goodman Faculty yeHupenyu Sayenzi) yakapihwa mu2023 edition ye. Krill Prize.
Unofunga kuti hutano hwako hunogona kusimukira here mune ramangwana zvichienderana netsvakiridzo iyi? Tiudze mumashoko showmetech!
Onawo:
Kunobva: BBC | The Guardian | sainzi | Cleveland Clinic | Bar Ilan University
Yakaongororwa na Glaucon Vital musi wa16/9/23.
