The 2m2k3r
Styrofoam yebhaga, chigaba chepurasitiki cheaçaí, sadza resoda, chepurasitiki chekucheka uye bhegi rekutumira. Uye, hongu, haugone kukanganwa masaga makumi maviri emasitadhi uye ketchup. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo cheni yeshumiro inogadzirwa. dhirivahari (delivery, in free translation) — ne kushandiswa zvakanyanya kwepurasitiki izvo zvinozoraswa zvisingaite. Kunyatsofunga nezvekuchinja izvi uye mamwe maitiro, ayo vanhu vanotevedzera zero tsvina pfungwa (kana Zero Trash, muchirungu). 1r1o1q
Yakatorwa kubva kudya.
Zero Waste Concept 4t45a
Iwe unotenga shampoo, kurasa bhegi, iyo invoice, bhokisi uye chigadzirwa kurongedza kana wapedza. Kuvanhu vakawanda zvingaita setsikawo zvayo, asi hazvisirizvo. Uye pfungwa ye Zero Waste inoedza kurwisa chaizvo chizvarwa ichi chisina kurongeka chemarara. Inosanganisira kuderedza - kana kubvisa - chizvarwa chemarara chinozove chisina kusanganiswa zvakakwana.
Kuti uite izvi, kufamba kunotevera mbiru ina dzakakosha: kufunga patsva, kushandisazve, kuderedza uye kudzokorora. Kubva pane izvi zvivakwa, munhu wacho anotanga kuramba masanga epurasitiki mumaresitorendi uye delivery, dzivisa mabhegi nemabhegi, manyowa, shandisa jira rako pachako napkins, pakati pemamwe maitiro, kuitira kuti usabudisa marara mukati nekunze kwemba. Tora muenzaniso Zero Waste ipfungwa yehupenyu, umo munhu nemasangano avanenge vari chikamu chavo vanotanga kuratidza marara atinoburitsa, yavo. kurasira kwakarurama uye zviyero zvinokurudzira mafomu matsva anotsiva epurasitiki, semuenzaniso.
Tichifunga izvi, vamwe vatambi vane basa rekusimudzira pfungwa iyi, ivo: indasitiri, inoona nezvekugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu izvi; kutengeserana, uko kunopfuudza zvinhu izvi kunzanga; mutengi, anopedzisa ketani iyi, sezvaanodya uye obva arasa; uye hurumende, mumiriri ane basa rekuenzanisa mabasa enharaunda neindasitiri mukufarira hupenyu hune hutano Zero Trash.
O Zero Waste Brazil Institute inotsanangura kuti kune makambani anosiya mutsara wehupfumi system, iyo inosanganisira kutora, kugadzira, kupedza uye kurasa. Kuti vachinje pfungwa iyi, vakatanga kuisa mari muhupfumi hwedenderedzwa, uko izvo zvaizoraswa mumarara zvinova kudzoka kwezvakasara zvemarara uye zvigadzirwa.
Inowanikwa muSão Paulo, iyo MAPEEI 1VSP, chaive chitoro chekutanga Zero Waste kubva kuBrazil. Pamusoro pekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvisingaite tsvina, kambani yakatanga kutora matanho sekusapa mabhegi epurasitiki kana marisiti emichina yemakadhi - invoice inotumirwa kune email yemutengi.
Mutemo wekubvisa marara wakatoshandiswa mumaguta eUnited States, Brazil, Italy, Slovenia, Japan, South Africa nePhilippines. MuSan Francisco (USA), 87% yedunhu yakatotora huzivi uhwu. MuItaly, maguta 270 akatosvika pachinangwa Zero Trash. Florianópolis inoronga kuve yekutanga Zero Waste guta munyika. Vatungamiri vehurumende vanoda kuve vekutanga kuratidza muenzaniso uye kuronga kutsausa 90% yemarara yakaoma iyo yaizoenda kunoraswa ne2020. Chinangwa ndechekuita dunhu. 100% Zero Waste ne 2030. Mukuita, nerubatsiro rwehuwandu hwevanhu nemamwe masangano, zvinopfuura 100 zviuru zvematani emarara hazvichazoendi kune marara gore negore.
Delivery hofori 1j2k5y
Maererano neongororo yakaitwa na QualiBest Institute, mumwe foodtech brazilian iFood, mutungamiri muchikamu muLatin America, ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa application, nekushandiswa kukuru uye kutariswa neveruzhinji; 93% ndiyo chiyero chekuziva cheApp. Uber Eats inouya inotevera ne32%, uye yeColombian Rappi inoonekwa nguva pfupi yapfuura ne17%. Maodha akaiswa zvakananga paresitorendi maapplication anomiririra 28%.
Kuodha yakagadzirira-kudya-chikafu uye kufamba (teksi uye yakavanzika mota) inotungamira kutenga kunoitwa kuburikidza nemaapplication. About the dhirivahari, vokuBrazil vanopedza avhareji yeR$38 pakudya. Nzira huru yekubhadhara imari, inoteverwa nekadhiti / makadhi echikwereti.
Kureruka uye kwakasiyana hunhu hwesoftware application. dhirivahari chekudya. Chikamu ichi chave kukura zvakanyanya uye chinogadzira R$11 bhiriyoni kuBrazil mwedzi gumi nemiviri yega yega. Asi kuwedzera uku kunodhurira zvakatipoteredza. Mapurogiramu echikafu uye kutenga pamhepo ndiwo mabviro makuru emarara ane zvinhu zvakaoma kudzokorora. Uye kana iri yechikafu, zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvinoraswa zvinoshandiswa mukuputira hazvishandiswezve.
| MAPLASTIKI ASISINA KUDZOKEZWA |
| mashanga |
| Styrofoam tray |
| Coffee stirrer |
| Styrofoam mukombe |
| Purasitiki inodzivirira mashanga (straw wrapper) |
| PVC zvisimbiso |
| Chipfuwo chemukaka bhodhoro |
| PET G (iyo inotakura keke remusupamaketi) |
| firimu repurasitiki |
Zviratidzo zvepasi rose zvinoratidza kuti 80% yemarara emugungwa anobva kunharaunda yepasi. Maererano ne Abrelpe (Brazilian Association of Public Cleaning uye Special Waste Companies), zvinhu zvepurasitiki ndiyo tsvina inowanikwa mugungwa. Inoonekwa munzvimbo yekutanga ne52,5%, pakati pefirimu repurasitiki, matanda epurasitiki, Styrofoam uye machubhu madiki epurasitiki. Panzvimbo yechipiri pane zvigubhu zvefodya, zvinokonzeresa 40,4% yemarara anounganidzwa.
Ndiani ane hanya nekudzikisa zvinoraswa 592547
MuBrazil, takaona kuti Uber Eats iri kutoshanda kuderedza kudyiwa kwezvinhu zvinoraswa. Usati waisa odha, mutengi anogona kusarudza imwe yenzira dzekutumira dzemidziyo iyi: "Kwete, ndinoda kubatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwepurasitiki" ou “Ehe, ndinoda zvekurasa”. Maresitorendi anotora chikamu ane chisimbiso, mukati meApp, yeshizha diki rakasvibira, rinoperekedzwa nemutsara uyu: "Restaurant ine kuderedzwa kushandiswa kwepurasitiki" —, zvisinei, havasi vese vanotora chikamu mumushandirapamwe. Kuti utaure nezve Zero Waste pfungwakana showmetech ndakatsvaga makambani matatu makuru ekutakura zvinhu munyika (iFood, Uber Inodya uye Rappi):
iFood 1735g
Mutsamba yakatumirwa kumushumo wedu, the iFood yakashuma kuti resitorendi inogona, pachayo, kusanganisira sarudzo yemubvunzo pane yayo menyu kuitira kuti vatengi vasarudze kana kusagamuchira zvinhu zvinoraswa. The company akapa ruoko rwekutanga iri kuvandudza kusanganisirwa kwemubvunzo wakamisikidzwa kuti mushandisi asarudze kana achida kugamuchira epurasitiki cutlery, napkins, mashanga uye masaga.
"Kana sarudzo iyi yangoburitswa, kambani inotungamira maresitorendi evanodyidzana kuti vangaha sei mushandirapamwe uyu uye kusangana nesarudzo dzevatengi zvirinani. iFood inotungamirawo maresitorendi ekudyira mukusarudza mhinduro dzakakodzera mutengi uye panguva imwe chete kudzivirira kutambisa kana kushandisa zvakanyanya zvinhu. Kuburikidza neFood Shop - musika unobvumira varidzi vezvitoro kutenga zvese zvavanoda munzvimbo imwechete, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubata bhizinesi ravo - kambani inopa chikamu chese chakatsaurirwa kune zvinhu zvinogoneka.
iFood, mukutaura kuShowmetech
Uber Eats 5i3d2j
O Uber Eats, sezvatakambotaura, yakasimbisa nzira yayo yekudzikisa mukati meApp. Yakashuma zvakare kuti 200 zvinhu zvinoraswa zvakange zvisisashandiswe nevatengi mumwedzi miviri yekutanga mushure mekutangwa kwebasa.
Rappi 4z1v6e
A Rappi, zvakare, yakatumira chinyorwa, ichitaura kuti kambani inogara ichitsvaga nzira dzakanakisa dzemusika kuti ivandudze maitiro ayo uye kugadzira matanho ekukurudzira kushanda kwakasimba.
Luciana Morales, gweta pafemu Finocchio & Ustra Sociedade de Advogados, inotsanangura kuti kuchine kuoma mukuderedza kana kubvisa zvinoraswa mukati delivery yezvokudya, sezvo kune mitemo yakawanda yekuchengetedza chikafu inotsvaka kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvokudya. Nekuda kweizvozvo, masangano anodzora (ANVISA, Health Surveillance uye Ministry of Agriculture) ichafanirwa kubatanidza maitiro ehupfumi hwedenderedzwa mumitemo yavo. Kunyangwe iine dambudziko iri, nzira yakanakisa yekumberi ndeyekukurudzira vatengi kukumbira zvekuchekwa, napkins, seasonings uye zvinotapira muhuwandu hwavanoda chaizvo.
"Mubvunzo wekuchinja kuderedzwa kwemarara kana kunyange chinangwa che Zero Waste Zvakaoma kumunhu wese, sezvo paine kudikanwa kwekuchinja kurongedza kuti kuve kwakasimba dhizaini uye zvigadzirwa, pamwe nemishandirapamwe yekutsanangurira vatengi chikonzero chekuchinja. "
Luciana Morales, nhengo yeOAB/Campinas Environmental Commission uye gweta munzvimbo yezvakatipoteredza
"Mapurogiramu ekupa chikafu ari kunyudza China mupurasitiki", nokudaro classified the NYT muri a masayendisiti ratidza kuti bhizimusi re dhirivahari online mudunhu yaive nemhosva ye1,6 miriyoni matani emarara (packaging) muna 2017.
Muna 2018, nhamba iyi yakakwira kusvika matani emamiriyoni maviri - Meituan e Iye.ini ndiwo makuru ekutumira masevhisi ipapo. Inotsvakwa nebepanhau reAmerica, the Meituan yakaziviswa kuti yakazvipira kudzikisira uye yakati inotora matanho akadai sekubvumira vashandisi kusarudza kusagashira zvekucheka uye zvinoraswa. A Iye.ini, inova chikamu che e-commerce Alibaba, aramba kutaura. Kunyangwe paine zvakawanda zvinofanirwa kuitwa, maChinese ari kutanga kutora zvakanaka tekinoroji matanho green, kunyanya maererano nemamiriro ekunze.
Tekinoroji inogadzira a kuwanda kwemikana kugadzirisa kuomarara kwenyika yemazuva ano. Kana zvasvika pakushandisa zvakare uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwepurasitiki, inoratidza kuve yakatonyanya kushanda. Mienzaniso mikuru iri kubuda pasi rose ichisimudzira Zero Waste pfungwa. Iyi ndiyo nyaya ye Enda Bhokisi, gadzirwa na Laura Weiss, iyo inopa reusable kurongedza pa Portland (USA) yevanopa chikafu nevatengi vavo.
Kuburikidza nechishandiso, mutengi anowana resitorendi uye anounganidza chikafu chavo mupakeji GoBox. Kana yapera, munhu wacho anoidzorera kumabhokisi akapararira muguta rose. Zvadaro, chikwata pa Enda Bhokisi achaitora nebhasikoro oendesa zvakare kumaresitorendi. Muvambi uyu anoti akachengeta midziyo inosvika 100 XNUMX ingadai yakaraswa munzvimbo dzinoraswa marara.
A New Bowl mumwe muenzaniso wakanaka. Nezvakatenderedza 17 zvigadzirwa pamenyu zvinosanganisira saladi, pasta, pudding, mazai uye muto, bhizinesi rakagadzirwa neFrench. Chloe Vichot inogadzira chikafu chekugadzirira-kudya chinochengetwa mumashini akafanana nesoda. Pahwindo, unosarudza saladhi, kubhadhara nekadhi uye ndizvozvo. A New Bowl Inopawo bamboo forogo, iyo inogona kukandwa mumarara emarara. Kana wapedza kudya, ingotarisa wodzorera chirongo kumushini mumwe chete, pasina chikonzero chekugeza. Kukurudzira kushandiswa kwekuziva, pakudzoka, mutengi anogamuchira mutero pakutenga kwavo kunotevera saladhi.
Misika isina plastiki iri kuwedzerawo. Pa Brooklyn, New York, the The Fillery and the Kuchengetedza ari zvitoro Zero Waste, vanoshanda nezvokudya zvakawanda. Chinangwa ndechekudzivirira chero rudzi rwepurasitiki. Mutengi anogona kutora chirongo chavo chegirazi kana kuchitenga panzvimbo, vobva vaisa chikafu mukati, vochiyera voenda nacho kumba. Kutaura chokwadi, havabhadharise nekurema kwehari.
Imwe sevhisi iri kuwedzera mukurumbira ndeiyi LoopStore, yakagadzirwa nemabhizimusi Tom Szaky, iyo kambani yakabatana neshanu maindasitiri emarudzi akawanda kuti atore mamwe akasimba ekushandisa modhi. Maodha anogona kuiswa pamhepo uye, pachinzvimbo chekuchigamuchira mune akajairwa kurongedza, iwe unogashira chigadzirwa chimwe chete kumba, asi mune simbi yekurongedza kana zvimwe midziyo yakasimba. Kana apedza, munhu anotumira midziyo kumashure LoopStore geza uye shandisazve.
Nyanzvi dzinoti kunyange 2050 kuchava nepurasitiki yakawanda kupfuura hove mugungwa. Kugadzirwa kwePlastiki kwave kukura zvakanyanya uye hatina kumbobvira takwanisa kuunza mhinduro yekuwedzera kushandiswa zvakare. Nekudaro, tekinoroji iripo kukurudzira nzira nyowani dzekushandisa.
Source: WWF; Zero Waste Brazil Institute; QualiBest Institute; Abrelpe; The New York Times.
